Evaluation of the geographical factors effect on land surface temperature using satellite imagery in Taftan volcanic cone

Land surface temperature estimation in the vast area using remote sensing can be eliminated depletion of its monitoring in limited numbers of weather stations. The surface energy balance algorithm for land (SEBAL) used for estimating the temperature in most parts of the world. The aim of this research is gaining the land surface temperature and studying its relation to geographical factors like height، geographic direction، lithology and morphometric of some landforms in Taftan volcanic cone. Therefore، by using SEBAL method on ETM+ imagery in 2001 year، heat map of this area is produced. As for performing this method، the corrected thermal radiance، surface emissivity in thermal band، spectral radiance، reflectivity in each bands and surface albedo was calculated. Ridges and thalweg map is produced by studying the regional contours using topographic maps and Google Earth. On the other hand، river maps، digital elevation model، geographic direction and geology are digitized and created. Then by overlapping the mentioned maps with land surface temperature (LST) map and using zonal statistical analysis، the LST is taken in every elevation class، geographic directions، formation and special land forms. Overall، results showed that at higher levels، LST decrease and geographic directions have an important role in temperature rate of cone. The minimum average of temperature and the maximum average of temperature are seen in west direction and east direction، respectively. Furthermore، formations and land forms that have minimum and maximum temperature are located in these directions. So، by regarding temperature conditions in geographic directions and different formations، could plan for implanting compatible agricultural crops and appropriate environmental conditions.