Effects of Ethanolic Extract from Karlla (Momordica charantia) UnripeFruit on Lipid Peroxidation Hb1Ac and Histopathology of Liver in Diabetic Rats

Reduction of oxidative stress and serum glucose level is definitely important in patients with diabetes. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Karlla Unripe Fruit extract on serum glucose,glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in diabetic rats. The number of 40 male wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (1-control, 2-diabetic, 3&4-diabetic treated with Karlla extract). Type 1 diabetes was induced by peritoneal injection of streptozotocin (42 mg/kg).Karlla Unripe Fruit extract (100 and 200 mg/kg) was administered to treated diabetic groups (group 3 & 4) by gavage for 6 weeks. Then, serum glucose, lipoproteins, glycated hemoglobin and MDA levels were evaluated and compared with one-way ANOVA and tukey statistical analysis. After tissue processing, hepatic histopathological changes were examined under light microscopy. Administration of this extract decreased the serum glucose and MDA levels of treated diabetic group in comparison to diabetic group significantly (P < 0.05) and improved the lipid profile. Histopathological findings confirmed the effective role of this extract (200 mg/kg) in treatment of diabetic disorders. Furthermore, in treated diabetic groups, HDL was significantly increased in comparison to the diabetic group (P < 0.05) but it didn’t have any significant effect on other lipids. HbA1C levels decreased significantly in group treated with 200 mg/kg Karlla fruit extract (P < 0.05). Oral feeding of unripe fruit extract in diabetic rats decreased the amount of glucose, glycated hemoglobin and lipid peroxidation. These effects can be relate to antioxidant compounds of this plant.