Communicative action underlying realization of citizen participation in urban development ‎process Case Study: city of Gorgan

Today, the change in the approach to the development has caused that human concepts such ‎participation‏ ‏as the main factor for the achieve development of cities considered. These ‎transformations, literature of urban planning in developing countries (including Iran) has changed ‎so that most experts in these countries have emphasized on importance of participation to the ‎realization of urban development. But despite this emphasis and even restructuring of urban ‎management in Iran (establishment of city councils), still the lack of participation as one of the ‎major obstacles to achieve development is proposed. But with these changes have taken place ‎concept of participation in Iranian's cities is still unrealized well and lack of popular participation is ‎a key issue in these cities will be felt So that in the process of planning, decision making and ‎implementation of a plan, people are not involved or have a minor role. the present study also ‎seeks to explain this issue that why despite the emphasis of most experts and restructuring of urban ‎management in Iran still the lack of participation between the main pillars of the as one of the major ‎obstacles to achieve development is proposed. In this study participation‏ ‏on quality of communication ‎the three pillars of the city with each other based on Jurgen Habermas's theory of communicative ‎action under review. city of Gorgan in this study has been chosen as the study area.‎