Screening and assessment of environmental effects an accumulation of Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seeds

This research aims to screening and assessment of environmental effects an accumulation of Fe، Zn، Cu and Mn in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Seeds to determine to what extend the transition process are affected by environmental factors and to what extent it is determined by genetic causes. Two different experiments were performed: The first on the basis of Augment series (because the genotypes were enormous) and the second based on the Randomized complete block design in three replications in two agriculturally potent areas with different climates in Ilam farms devoted to agricultural research. The results showed 85% of the genotypes had a similar behavior as to the transition of the four elements (Fe، Zn، Cu and Mn). Elements transition was proved to be controlled by genetic rather than environmental factors. Inclusion of Feso4، ZnSo4، CuSo4 and MnSo4 treatment increased elements transition in 15% of genotypes، and when the treatment ceased، the transition process according to the genetic potential of the genotypes. Improving the seeds with regard to their ash led to an increase in the transition of all the elements mentioned. The transition rate could be recorded as follows: Zn، Cu، Mn and Fe with Zn recording the highest and Fe the lowest amount of transition. The accumulation of the four elements in chickpea seed had a synergist effect with Cu and Zn enjoying the highest and of the four elements in chickpea seed had a synergist effect with Cu and Zn enjoying the highest synergist effect (78%). The mineral Content among the genotypes ranged from 4 to 34 percent which is considered to be wide range. Correlations between seed ash and seed weight، and seed weight، and seed ash and the summation of the ions were 84% and 51% respectively، being significant at 1% finally، the results of the two experiments showed that the 1-12/54721/D genotype was the most suitable genotype with regard to the Fe، Zn، Cu and Mn content and the amount of ash.