Effects of some nanoparticles on expression of germacrene A synthase (TpGAS) and parthenolide synthase (TpPTS) genes in Tanacetum parthenium L. under water deficit stress

To investigate the effects of nano-chelate spraying of Iron, chemical -synthesis and green-synthesis silver nanoparticles on the expression of two genes, germacrene A synthase (TpGAS) and parthenolide synthase (TpPTS) genes which are involved in the parthenolide biosynthesis pathway of Tanacetum parthenium L., a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted with three replications. The experiment took place in the greenhouse of Zabol University in Iran. At first, the total RNA from samples of leaves, and then the synthesis of cDNA were extracted. Afterward, Real Time PCR analysis was used to determine gene expression patterns. Parthenolide concentration was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The analysis of the data was conducted by SAS software, and there was a significant increase in the expressions of both germacrene A synthase (TpGAS) and parthenolide synthase (TpPTS) genes of treated plants with green-synthesis silver nanoparticles in compare with the control plants, and some plants which were treated by chemical- synthesis silver nanoparticles and nano-chelate of Iron. Furthermore, the maximum expressions of both germacrene A synthase (TpGAS) and parthenolide synthase (TpPTS) genes were identified in groups of plants which were under the influence of drought stress, or were treated by green-synthesis silver nanoparticles. A positive relation was seen between the expressions of germacrene A synthase genes (TpGAS) and parthenolide synthase (TpPTS) genes with the amount of parthenolide itself. It can be concluded that green-synthesis silver nanoparticles and water deficit stress can cause an increase on the expressions of parthenolide and germacrene A synthase genes, and as result of that, cause an increase on parthenolide production of Tanacetum parthenium.