Evaluation of Environmental and Sustainable Development of Four Pavements in Iran by Four Method of Multi-Criteria Analysis

1. The urban environment is one of the foundations of life in cities and urban development with ignoring the urban environment, causes the spread environmental hazards. Sustainable development is a comprehensive solution for preserving environmental resources of cities. Pavement is one of the major of urbanization that if it not done in line of sustainable development will cause environmental problems. The study trying to evaluate of environmental and sustainable development of different methods of pavement by using some multi-criteria analysis techniques. Results of the study focused on the optimal method of pavement among the global methods (Bituminous asphalt, Porous asphalt, Roller compressed concrete or RCC, Foamed concrete).
2. Multi Ceriteria Decision Making Multi-criteria analysis process in a group of two or more decision that each has different priorities and approaches to the problem of decision making. In this case, the purpose of group decision-making, to achieve the optimal choice from among a set of options is established as the most agreement among decision-makers. Equivalent numerical values are weighted qualitatively as follows: Positive criteria: very little (1) little (2), relatively little (3), medium (4), relatively much (5), much (6), very much (7). Negative criteria: very little (7), little (6), relatively little (5), medium (4), relatively much (3) much (2), very much (1). In this study of four common methods of analysis were used: 1.2 The multi-criteria analysis methods 1.1.2 Weighted sum This method is the easiest and most versatile multi-criteria analysis. In this way, all the criteria to become a standard scale. This scale, usually between zero and one option that a number represents the best performance.
2.1.2 TOPSIS This method is from distance-based methods. In this way, the choice should be the shortest distance from the ideal solution and have the farthest from non-ideal solution.
3.1.2 Adaptive planning The basis of this method is based on the concept of the ideal displacement. In this way, prioritization and ranking options based on their distance from the point is undesirable.
4.1.2 Ordered weighted averaging operation method (With the parted quantifier): This function is one-dimensional mapping of the n-dimensional space: F: Rn → R. This function is used to calculate the intelligent multi-criteria analysis, which relies on an n-dimensional weight vector is called. In this study, three of pavements are considered which conventional bituminous asphalt pavement compare with other pavements. Reducing air pollution during the production and operation of pavement, reduce the waste of water resources and its management and waste reduction of energy resources and recycling waste in the pavements were studied in this research to evaluate pavements construction.
3. Based on the criteria and weights considered in Table 1 Ranking of pavement is equal to the values in Table 2. Analysis on Table 2, foam concrete and asphalt Bituminous as the most appropriate and worst option are specified. Other noteworthy that only in some cases, roller compacted concrete and porous asphalt pavement moved in the rankings.
4. According to the research result the foam concrete is as the best option among the proposed options for urban pavement that it is more compatible with the Green Way and it received the highest rating in criteria have been proposed. Also, application priority of pavement techniques in the Iran are: foam concrete, porous asphalt, roller compacted concrete and bituminous asphalt. According to this study, the conventional method used in pavement (bituminous asphalt) is considered unsuitable options.