(Health care Workers) Dual practice in public and non-public sectors and implications of this phenomenon

Considering the importance of knowing the implications of health care workers and specially physicians’ dual practice in health policy, the aim of this study is to identify and analyze the current evidence in this field for the first time, using systematic literature review methodology.
a thorough search were performed in credible databases, search engines, specialized databases, and reference list of identified studies. The selected inclusion criteria were studies which were done using one of the rigorous and reliable known scientific methods.
the overall search found 3242 records, and none of them were considered eligible for including in the study according to the selected criteria. After showing the lack of high quality evidence in this area, the current knowledge in this field was categorized and analyzed from two perspective.
Results showed that there is not any rigorous and scientifically reliable evidence about the real implications of health care workers’ dual practice, and most of the related studies have been relied on theoretic methods, which their core assumptions were undermined in the broader literature. Furthermore, findings suggested that dual practice implications are context specific and may vary or differ from system to another system.