Evaluation of CPITN and BMI Indices in Patients with Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus has multiple effects on oral tissues. Oral symptoms especially periodontal disease and recurrent bacterial and fungal infections seem to vary in patients with different body mass index. The aim of this study was to investigate periodontal treatment needs Index in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes and its relation with body mass index (BMI).
In this cross-sectional analytical study, 150 individuals with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes referred to Yazd Diabetes Research Center in 2016 were studied in terms of BMI and the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN). Patients divided in two groups: BMI of over 30 and under 30. Data obtained from each group analyzed using SPSS software version 16 and Mann-Whitney statistical test was used.
The mean of CPITN index was not significantly different in men and women. Also in different age groups, there were no significant differences, except 50 to 59 years range. In this age group, the mean of CPITN in patients with BMI above 30 was 1.926 and in BMI under 30 was 1.5792 (P-value:0.019). In patients with BMI above 30 the mean of CPITN reported 1.88 in comparison with 1.61 in group with BMI under 30 (P-value:0.030).
The results indicated that diabetic patients with a BMI greater than 30 need more periodontal treatment than patient with BMI less than 30. Also indexes in the age range 50 to 59 years was more prominent which means clinicians have to consider patients with uncontrolled type2 diabetes more carefully for providing oral health when BMI and age are increasing.