Developing and Validating Flipped Teaching Method to Improve Students' Deep Learning

The aim of this study was to develop the Flipped Teaching Method in order to improve students' deep learning. This was an embedded mixed method that included a statistical population of 2340 students of the Faculty of Literature and Humanities as well as 15 professors in the field of Educational Sciences at Bu-Ali Sina University. Given the qualitative phase, 36 students were selected through accidental random sampling method and, given the qualitative phase, 20 students and 5 professors were selected purposefully. In the qualitative and qualitative phases, it was attempted to make use of semi-structured interviews and a researcher-made test, respectively, in order to collect the required data. The validity of the test was confirmed through collecting the experts’ views and its reliability was obtained using Cohen's Kappa Coefficient (89%). Having analyzed the data in the qualitative phase, seven main components were developed for the Flipped Teaching Method, including the flexibility of the environment, learning culture, educational content and activities, teacher as a coach, learner’s activism and accountability, learning as mastery and time management. The internal validity of this model was evaluated by experts and the validity of this model was examined using the developmental methodology. Finally, the findings indicated the positive impacts of the model on students’ deep learning.