Analyzing the Effects of Physical Planning on Preserving Villagers' Social Security (Case Study: Mashhad County)

The security of rural residential areas as a common factor between human and environmental arenas is a necessity for promoting life quality of people. This factor is affected by the way that rural residential areas are designed and planned. The present study is aimed to evaluate the effects of physical planning on security of rural residents in a rural area of Mashhad county, emphasizing their social security. Based on aim, the present study is an applied research and based on method and nature, it is a descriptive-analytical one. The unit of analysis is rural households of three rural districts namely Tabadkan, Tous, and Darzab which have been targeted for the rural conducted plans. Of 2356 rural households in the study area, 163 households were selected as sample by simple random sampling based on Cochran formula with an error equals to 0.075. To measure the security rate, 13 social indicators and 11 physical planning indices are applied. Some statistical tests were used for data analysis including Pearson Statistical Test, Single-sample T-test, Regression and Path Analysis. The results indicated that the mean of physical planning variable in sample villages was 2.06 which is a moderated figure tending to lower places of ranking. Based on the single sample T-test, the index of building quality with an amount of 8.15 was more considerable. The mean of social security variable was 3.42 which indicated a moderate situation for the studied villages. The lowest place of ranking was belonged to individual security with a mean of 2.73. Based on Pearson correlation results it was marked that there is a direct and significant relationship between physical planning and social security perception with a figure of 0.045. Also, the results of Path analysis indicated that the size of parcels with an effect coefficient of 0.255 and compatibility with an effect coefficient of 0.254 have had the highest impact on social security perception.