Refractive Error and Anterior Segment Parametric Changes in Patients with Posterior Capsular Opacification after Nd: YAG Laser Posterior Capsulotomy

Cataract is one of the most common causes of blindness in the world, and posterior capsular opacification (PCO) is the most common complication after cataract surgery. Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy is a standard method for the treatment of PCO. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Yas laser capsulotomy on anterior segment parameters and lenticular astigmatism.

In this randomized clinical trial study, a total of 37 eyes from 30 patients with posterior capsular opacity after uneventful phacoemulsification were enrolled and underwent Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy. Full ocular examination, including intraocular pressure and refractive errors, was performed on the samples. The AC depth, volume, and angle were measured by Pentacam before capsulotomy and 3 months following that.

Mean visual acuity improved preoperatively (0.505±0.276) and 3 months after capsulotomy (0.646±0.268); )P<0.001). Mean values of spherical equivalent and cylindrical powers were 1.304±0.268 and -1.142±0.881 dioptre before the procedure and 1.285±0.152 and -1.027±0.807 dioptre 3 months following the surgery, respectively. The difference in cylindrical and spherical errors was not statistically significant after the procedure. Mean scores of lenticular astigmatisms were 0.902±0.735 and 0.621±0.326 dioptre before and after capsulotomy, respectively, which was statistically significant (P=0.018). The changes in the Anterior Chamber depth, angle, volume, and mean central corneal thickness were not statistically significant after capsulotomy.

Laser capsulotomy decreased lenticular astigmatism and improved visual acuity. The changes in the AC depth might be a clue for associated complications, such as the changes in refractive errors, intraocular lens position, and intraocular pressure.