A Petrographic Study of Proto- Elamite Beveled Rim Bowls (URUK) in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiyari

The beveled rim bowl one of the main pottery of the Uruk is period has a special place in the history of pottery and archaeology of the Near East. This feature is not due to the simplicity and harshness of this bowl, but more because of the awesome quantity of its widespread dispersal. These wars are appearance in the late Ubaid and early Uruk for the first time in the south of the Mesopotamia, about 3900BC. Then not far away in the north, east, and west of the Mesopotamia and around 3600BC became almost everywhere. Khuzestan as one of the neighborhoods of the Mesopotamia, and Chaharmahall-Bakhtiari due to its proximity to Khuzestan province, have many sites with the evidence of this culture. This system was formed through the use of rich, but less developed mountainous areas. The research, by using the analysis of so-called beveled rim bowl, tries to studying the migration of these communities into the Iranian plateau and southeastern Iran and the establishment of Uruk settlements. For this purpose, five sites from Khuzestan and five sites from Chaharmahall-Bakhtiari have been selected and from each of these sites, 3 pieces of pottery for this period were selected. The research method is based on library-analysis studies and for reasons like that; identification and examination of the soil type used in the cultivating of the two regions beveled rim bowl, determine the manufacturing technology and quality of their firings and eventually review and compare the desired pottery and determine whether they are imported or native. the results are shown that although the province of Khuzestan due to in close proximity to the Mesopotamia and its weather conditions, has a lot of sites from Uruk period, and the expansion and the influence of this pottery is from Khuzestan to neighboring areas, but this penetration and expansion, it was not a mass transfer of pottery to other areas, but also in the form of knowledge and techniques of making this type of pottery by the potter in this area. Finally, one can conclude all samples from Chaharmahall-Bakhtiari province are originated from local production.