A Comparative Study of the Rendering Challenges of the Cultural Elements in Shahrzad's Playwright, Tawfiq Al Hakim (Based on the theory of Peter Newmark)

There are categories that cannot easily be transmitted to the target text due to belonging to the source culture. The transfer of these categories, known as culture-oriented categories, is difficult to deal with. Therefore, the translation can be a very important and practical tool to create this connection; cultural categories translation is a complex and labyrinth subject in the theory of translation. Categories reflecting society culture are usually incomprehensible to other societies with different cultures and sometimes leading to misunderstanding. “Shahrzad” plays have been translated in Persian by Ayati and Shariat. This research studies and analyzes two Persian versions according to the theoretical framework of Newmark to choose the correct translation. The most important findings of the present research, which is written in a descriptive-analytical way and using a library tool for data collection, indicate that Shahrzad's play has four cultural categories considered by Newmark, and the category of ecology in this text has no place and the translators have used the cultural equivalent to translate this play, respectfully both translators have presented audience- oriented translations.