Effect of Pollen Type of Some Grapevine Cultivares on Fruit Set and Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Fruit in Shahani and Laal

Some of grape cultivars have the cross-pollinated flowers. Therefore, for high fruit set in cross-pollinated varieties, there are need suitable pollinizers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pollen of Fakhri, Sahebi and Shahani cultivars on fruit set, quantitative and qualitative fruit traits of Shahani and Laal cultivars in controlled pollination conditions in vineyard. Therefore, 1508 pistils in 3 clusters of Shahani and 6 clusters of Laal cultivar were emasculated and then pollinated with above mentioned pollen sources. Experiment was carried out based on completely randomized design (CRD) with three combinations cross including Fakhri (♂) ×Shahani (♀), Shahani (♂) × Laal (♀) and Sahebi (♂) × Laal (♀) cultivars as treatments with three replications. The results of cross pollination showed that the highest percentage of fruit set was related to crossing of Fakhri (♂) × Shahani (♀) cultivars with 33.79% fruit set. In addition, in the cross between the seed parents of Laal and by pollen of Sahebi and Shahani cultivars, a high percentage of fruit formation was observed with 21.6% and 18.66%, respectively. Crossing of Fakhri (♂) × Shahani (♀) cultivars with the highest percentage of fruit set, bunch and berry size, TSS, TA, anthocyanin, berry firmness, easy of detachment from pedicle and thickness of berry skin was more favorable than other crosses.