Analysis of the Role of Khajeh Mohammad Parsa's Views and ‎Works in the Naqshbandiyah Order

From the seventh century AH, a new era began in the Sufism that led to the division of the Sufis into two groups. One group adhered to the principles and foundations of the earlier mystics and another group established a new tradition in mysticism, which is now called the second mystical tradition, due to its approach to philosophy and theology and its inclination toward certain Shiite beliefs. Following these changes, the Naqshbandiyah Order was established as a descendant of the Khajegan method in the eighth century AH by Khajeh Baha al-Din Naqshbandi Bukharaie in Fararoudan, which became the largest school of Sufism in Iran during the ninth and tenth centuries AH. The present research has tried to obtain the position of Khajeh Shams al-Din Mohammad Bukharaie, nicknamed Khajeh Parsa, in promoting this Order in an analytical way and with the help of library tools. The research has shown that Khajeh Parsa was brought up under the teachings of Khajeh Naqshband in the two ways of attraction and behavior. And, in the Naqshbandiyah Order, he has reached a position where Baha al-Din Mohammad has considered the purpose of his emergence to educate Parsa. Although Parsa, after Ala al-Din Attar, has been called the second caliph of the Naqshbandiyah, he played a more important role in promoting the principles and teachings of the Naqshbandiyah. One of the prominent lines of thought in the teachings of the elders and the method of the Naqshbandiyah was to honor and love the elders and caliphs of this path and to honor their high position and status, which is evident in the works and writings of its mystics. Other achievements of this research included proving the training of disciples by Khajeh Parsa and understanding the relationship between followers and elders of the Naqshbandiyah Order with rulers and politicians by Khajeh Mohammad Parsa. The latest achievement of this research was that Khajeh Mohammad Parsa was the first person who has established the basis of the Naqshbandiyah Order by writing the books such as Fasl al-Khetab, Qodsiyeh, and Tahqiqat.