The Model of the Process of Managerial Flexibility of Managers from The Perspective of Employees of Government Organizations: A Model Based on the Grounded Theory

The present study aims to understand the process of managers' flexibility from the perspective of employees of government organizations in Ilam in a qualitative manner and based on the grounded theory. In order to collect data from semi-structured interviews and sampling, 14 people were interviewed in a targeted manner. The result of these interviews was a set of 85 codes of basic themes, which with the process of open coding and axial coding, a link was established between the categories and selective coding was done. Then, a qualitative research model was designed. For validity, the internal agreement coefficient and the reliability method of agreement between two coders were used. The results in the form of a paradigm model include "behavioral flexibility" as a central category and causal conditions (managers' personality, ability to behave efficiently, work skills, strong communication and flexible organizational structure), contextual conditions (political pressures of officials, cumbersome regulations , organizational standards, competitive advantage, change in attitude to work), intervening factors (environmental atmosphere: market dynamics and cycles, internal and external crises, type of organization, system sustainability). Outcomes are at the individual level (feeling happy, reputable, job success and achievement) and at the organizational level (promoting the brand and credibility of the organization, organizational excellence, increasing employee motivation and trust in managers).