The Geopolitical Explanation of interfaith and religious Conflicts in Africa’s 0 - 15 degrees of latitude North (Since 1991)

Africa’s 0 - 15 degrees of latitude North is one of the most Conflict regions in the world. Interfaith and religious Conflicts between followers of Islam and Christianity or between Religious groups with states are one of the types of conflicts in the region. The important point in examining conflicts, is pay attention to their roots. One aspect of this issue is the geopolitical analysis of these conflicts. The goal of this research is to explain the roots of interfaith and religious Conflicts in Africa’s 0 - 15 degrees of latitude North from a geopolitical point of view.

On the basis of purpose, the current study is considered to be a ‘Basic Research’. In terms of nature and method, is ‘descriptive’ and in terms of attitude, it is in the category of "descriptive-analytic" research. Gathering of data is done by documentary method and benefiting from a library resources. Data analysis method is qualitative.

Analysis of the roots of interfaith and religious Conflicts in Africa’s 0 - 15 degrees of latitude North and of the end of the Cold War (1991) shows that in this type of conflict, the mutual role of the elements of chr('39')politicschr('39'), chr('39')powerchr('39') and chr('39')geographychr('39') and the consequences of it are obvious and the conflicts are of a geopolitical nature.

Of the 29 countries of Africa’s 0 - 15 degrees of latitude North, 21 countries are involved in a variety of conflicts. In 7 countries, Somalia, Ethiopia, Sudan, Uganda, Central African Republic, Nigeria and Ivory Coast, 10 cases of "Interfaith and religious Conflicts" have happened and is happening. A deeper look at the causes of the conflict represents a role of geopolitics in their occurrence. The study has achieved 9 geopolitical factors for interfaith and religious Conflicts which are generalizable to other conflicts of this type in other parts of the world.