Evaluation and analysis of effective components on the uncontrolled increase of urban housing prices using combined models of multi-criteria decision making (Case study: Zahedan)

The housing sector has an important role in economic growth due to its strong relationship with other economic sectors. In the last two decades, the housing sector has faced sharp price fluctuations in urban areas of the country. Housing price instability is the most prominent feature of this sector. The present study evaluates and analyzes the effective components on the uncontrolled increase of urban housing prices in Zahedan. The research method is applied based on the purpose and descriptive-analytical based on the nature and method. Documentary and field survey methods have been used to collect information. The statistical population of the study consists of specialists and experts in the urban area of Zahedan, using the Delphi technique, 20 specialists were selected as a sample. The validity of the researcher-made questionnaire was confirmed by experts in the field and the reliability of the data was calculated by Cronbach's alpha test (0.927). To analyze the data, stepwise regression test and to determine the share of each of the factors affecting housing prices in Zahedan, multi-criteria DEMATEL, SWARA and BWM techniques have been applied. The results of stepwise regression showed that the physical index with beta coefficient of 0.302 had the greatest effect and the environmental index with beta coefficient of 0.118 had the least effect on increasing housing prices in Zahedan. The results of DEMATEL technique showed that the access index with a value of 29.594 has the highest interaction and the environmental index with a value of 28.378 has the lowest interaction. The economic index with a value of 1.926 is the most effective factor and the access index with a value of -3.685 is the most influential factor. The results of SWARA technique showed the status of the indicators affecting the increase of housing prices in Zahedan as follows: economic index with a final weight of 0.238 in the first rank, environmental index with a weight of 0.202 in the second rank, social index with a weight of 0.173 0 in the third rank, administrative index with a weight of 0.149 in the fourth rank, physical index with a weight of 0.128 in the fifth rank and finally access index with a weight of 0.111 in the sixth rank. The results of BWM technique also determined the status of the indicators in the following order: economic index with a value of 0.177 in the first rank, environmental index with a value of 0.176 in the second rank, social index with a value of 0.165 in the third rank, administrative index with a value of 0.164 in the fourth rank, physical index with a value of 0.163 in the fifth rank and finally access index with a value of 0.151 in the sixth rank.