New Ideas in Iran's Geography

Geography is the science of places”, “Geography is the science of connections”, “Geography is the science of human ecology”, “Geography is the science of dispersion”, and “Geography is the science of mutual relations”... are all the beautiful definitions of geography that have been expressed by the great scientists of this science, such as Vidal de La Blache, Griffith Taylor, etc. Each of the above definitions, while in the simplest form of expression, has certain complexities, which, after stating causes of various factors, has established the foundations of geography, and has been interpreted by geographic associations all over the world, and has been the founder of many thoughts and ideas that made a significant contribution to the advancement of geography in the world, so that in addition to the advancement of this beautiful human knowledge, it caused certain followers each explain the old ways and try to contribute to the progress of thoughts through critique and evaluation. However, from another perspective, the abovementioned scholars were not only the founders of a new tradition, but also helped their followers in their respective countries and in other countries to benefit from it and promote their thoughts, especially in their country, and this fact has been developing the science of geography in these countries and providing the ground for scientific advancement and other aspects of domination over the world both scientifically and colonially. In this paper, we try to recognize our share in geography and to know what geographic dominant ideas exist in our country? Or, with what point of view, a better and more appropriate thought can be chosen for the geography of Iran. With a brief look at geography in Iran, we will find that this science, along with the progress of other sciences in the world of Islam, was properly cultivated during this period, and the scholars of the Balkh and Iraqi schools, each with their own interpretations, made significant contributions to the flourishing of this era, even by writing the geography through pilgrimage literature.