Spatial Justice Analysis on the Access of Vulnerable Groups to Neighborhood Parks (Case Study: Urmia)

This study aims to analyze the level of access of vulnerable groups (women, children, the elderly, illiterate, unemployed and immigrants) from neighborhood parks as a case study in the city of Urmia. In this study, in order to evaluate the access of vulnerable groups to neighborhood parks, the variables of the ratio of population of women, children, elderly, illiterate, unemployed and immigrants covered by neighborhood parks to the total population of each of them and the per capita access of vulnerable groups to neighborhood parks have been used. Also to evaluate the spatial distribution of neighborhood parks by kernel density, nearest neighborhood index and ellipse deviation from the standard. and finally, the ranking of Urmia areas in terms of vulnerability groups to neighborhood parks with TOPSIS model has been discussed.About 37% of the population of vulnerable groups in Urmia are covered by neighborhood parks, and among vulnerable groups, about 44% of the elderly population have good access to neighborhood parks, followed by the unemployed (41.96% of the total unemployed in the city), women.(38.05% of all women in the city), immigrants (36.44% of all immigrants), children (33.06% of all children in the city) and the illiterate (30.55% of the total illiterate in the city) are covered by the standard radius of neighborhood parks.In general, the research findings show that in the suburbs of Urmia, due to the lack of urban planning criteria or neglect in the past, little space is allocated to neighborhood parks and in these parts of the city