Spatial analysis and modeling of Islamic period sites in Khanj city using combined AND-GIS analysis

In the modern thinking of the scientific and academic community, applying the sciences and guiding them towards meeting the basic needs of the society is one of the most important tasks. Identification of ancient phenomena with the help of GIS theoretical spatial sciences leads to the identification of how each of human phenomena was established in the past. The main purpose of the study is spatial modeling for spatial analysis and distribution of Islamic sites in the city of Khanj. This research is basic in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of research method and is based on library studies and archaeological data. The selected indicators were collected in two stages through the study of records (research projects, books, ...) and using the opinions of experts, were integrated by Delphi method. 14 indicators were identified in this section, and then the Anp-Dematle hybrid analytical model was used to identify the impact of the indicators and criteria on each other and to rank them. Finally, they were overlapped byGIS software and using fuzzy analysis; The research results show; Latitude criterion(a3) ​​with the effect of 0.120 is the most effective index, followed by slope (c3) and height (b1) with the effect of 0.118 and 0.117.The results of the analysis of 14 indicators in the ArcGIS software environment effective in determining the spatial distribution of 93 archaeological sites show that the distance and proximity to water, suitable soil, a certain height are the reasons for the formation of settlements in this city.