Effect of a Multi-Sensory Training Program on The Balance of Older Women With Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Older adults with diabetic peripheral neuropathies (DPN) are at higher risk of motor control, slower reaction time, and increased postural sways. There is increasing evidence that exercise-based interventions have a positive impact on the health of older people. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a selected multisensory training (SMST) program in improving the balance of older women with DPN.

In this study, 30 older women (Mean±SD age=62.35±1.87 years) were randomly assigned into the SMST and control groups. All participants underwent dynamic and static balance tests before and after the training. The SMST program included the balance training with eyes open and closed on different surfaces to stimulate visual, proprioception, and vestibular system. The intervention was conducted for 12 weeks, two times per week.

There was a significant difference in the dynamic balance between the SMST and control groups (t(28)=-6.74, P=0.000, ƞ2=0.61). The results of analysis of variance showed that the SMST program improved the static balance in the X direction (F(1,28)=14.16, P=0.001, ƞ2=0.33) and in the Y direction (F(1,28)=5.38, P=0.028, ƞ2=0.16) in older women with DPN.

The SMST can improve the dynamic and static balances of older women with DPN. Older women with DPN are at increased risk of falling. This program can be used to enhance their balance and postural control.