A Comparative Analysis of Debate in Iraqi_Style Sonnet and Contemporary Sonnet

Many poets have chosen the art of debate to express their thoughts. Since the widest horizon of Persian poetry belongs to the lyrical type, a considerable number of Persian debates are also included in this type of literature. In these debates, the poet creates a dialogue or a give and take between the lover and the beloved, and each side tries to convince the other or force him/her to accept his/her opinion by showing his views as superior. Contemporary poets have also used debate extensively in their poems; but instead of boasting and competing with their opponents, they have talked, interacted, and tried to create an argumentative atmosphere. The present study through a descriptive-analytical method tries to discuss the differences between romantic debates in Iraqi-style sonnets and the romantic debates in contemporary sonnets as well as the reason for these differences. It has been concluded that contemporary sonnet, due to the political and social changes in Iran and changing views of poets, have moved towards dialogue and conversation; furthermore, it has undergone fundamental changes by altering the position of the beloved and his/ her individuality; In a way, it can be said that contemporary debate sonnets are different from Iraqi-style debate sonnets in structure, subject matter, content, gender of the lovers and the beloved.