Effect of different levels of probiotics and physical form of feed on small intestinal morphology and immune system in Japanese quail chicks

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different levels of probiotics and physical form of feed on the morphology of the small intestine and the immune system in Japanese quail. 240 one-day-old Japanese quail chicks were examined in a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with 6 replications, 6 replications with 10 chicks per replication for 42 days. Experimental treatments include: Flour feed (mesh) containing pure water (no probiotic proxin), Flour feed (mesh) containing two levels of probiotic soluble protoxin in drinking water (1 and 2%), Crumble feed with three levels of probiotic proxin (0%, 1%) Were soluble in drinking water. Experimental diets were adjusted based on the nutritional needs of quail chicks of the National Research Association using UFFDA software. To test for blood cell count, at 42 days of age, one chick was selected from each replicate and a blood sample was taken from a wing vein. One bird was killed from each pen, and the relative weight and length of different parts of the intestine, the length and width of the villi, and the depth of the crypt were studied. Chickens fed crumble diet and lacking probiotic protexin had the highest percentage of lymphocytes and chickens fed mesh and lacking probiotic protexin had the highest percentage of monocytes (P<0.05). The results of intestinal morphology showed that two treatments of crumble and containing 2% probiotic soluble in drinking water had the highest values ​​of villi length and crypt depth (P<0.05). The relative weights of the various components of the gastrointestinal tract and the relative lengths of the duodenum and cecum were significantly affected by the experimental diets (P<0.05). The results of the experiment showed that the use of probiotic protexin improved the immune system of the Japanese quail and improved the length and width of the villi; The crypt depth as well as the weight and relative length of the various intestinal components were improved.