A Study of the Formation of the Discourse of "Political Islam" and "Iranian Marxism-Communism" from the Iranian Revolution

Target:

 If we analyze the impact of theoretical-practical discourses on the occurrence of the 1979 revolution in Iran with the logic of discourse analysis, we will find several discourses, some of which are influenced by Western traditions and some of which are more influenced by Islamic tradition. In this article, by drawing the discourse conflicts between the two discourses of Iranian Marxism-Communism (centered on the People's Mojahedin Organization) and the discourse of political Islam (centered on the thoughts of Imam Khomeini), we show how in one historical course, the discourse of political Islam has overcome another.

Discourse analysis with Laclau and Mouffe's approach is significantly relevant to the subject of this article and has been used.

Following the discourse of Iranian Marxism-Communism, three periods of 1344-1350 (Islam and armed struggle), 1350-1354 (ideological battle and failure in revolutionary action) and 1354-1357 (disconnection of reality with the outside world) and in the discourse of political Islam The three periods of 1342-1349 (shiite authority), 1349-1356 (Velayat-e Faqih) and 1356-1357 (victory of the Islamic revolution) have been identified.

The study of the above discourse conflicts shows that although the first discourse took revolutionary and militant action earlier, but due to the lack of deep connection with the historical and intellectual contexts of Iranian society, on the eve of the Revolution, it did not establish a close connection with the reality of that; in contrast, it was the discourse of political Islam that, in a historical course, was able to achieve its dominant discourse and, therefore, formulate the discourse of the Islamic Revolution in Iran.