The Semantics of the word “Rijs” in the Holy Qurān Based on Syntagmatic and Paradigmatic Relations

Achieving the correct meaning of Qur'anic words is the basis of interpretation, the perfection of which is done by analyzing the meaning of words in the context of verses and accessing the semantic network of words. The word "Rijs" is one of the moral words in the Holy Quran which is mentioned 10 times in 9 verses, including the important verse on purification (Ahzab: 33). The present study, after exploring the main meaning of Rijs and the meanings derived from it, extracts the Syntax and Paradigm concepts of Rijs in the Qur'an based on the semantic method. The main meaning of Rijs is movement, tremor, anxiety and widespread (bad smell or loud and annoying sound) that causes hatred and distance. Examining the semantic relations of Rijs in the verses of the Qur'an, it becomes clear that the most important syntaxes of Rijs with the complementary relation are the words "qad waqa’a", "min rabbikum", "allâh", "yaj ’alu", "maī tatan", "daman mas fūḥan", "laḥ ma xinzīrin", "liyuð hiba", "Faj tanibu", "al xam ru", "al maī siru", "al anṣābu", "al az lāmu", "Fa a’ riḍū", "fazādat hum". Rijs on the axis of succession with words such as "al qaūl" (sentence to torment), "arrijz", "aẓẓann", "al muš rikūn", "aš šaī ṭān" has a relative synonymy; So that each of them is one of the examples of Rijs as well. The comprehensive aspect of the meanings of Rijs in the Qur'an is "distance", which is manifested in a distance from divine mercy, faith and purity. By bestowing infallibility on the Ahl al-Bayt (AS), God protected them from all kinds of Rijs which was the ground for turning away from the faith.