Prevalence of Gram-negative Bacilli with Multidrug Resistance Isolated from Neonates and childern Referring to Besat Hospital in Sanandaj City, in 1397

Gram-negative bacilli with multidrug resistance are important pathogens in hospitals and can lead to high mortality rates. The main purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence rates of Gram-negative bacilli with multidrug resistance isolated from clinical specimens of neonates and childern referring to Besat Hospital in Sanandaj City in 2018.

In this cross-sectional descriptive study 10,000 clinical specimens were studied, including; blood, urine, wounds discharge, respiratory secretions and body fluids in 2018. Gram-negative bacteria were identified by standard microbiological methods, then susceptibility testing to common antibiotics was performed using disk diffusion method to determine multidrug resistant strains.

In this study, among 10000 clinical specimens we obtained 652 Gram- negative bacilli with positive cultures including urine 523 (80%), blood 78(12%), respiratory secretions 26(4%), wound discharge 15(2.5%) and body fluids 10(1.5%) from the outpatients and hospitalized patients. Gram-negative bacilli isolated from these samples included Escherichia coli (65.7%), Enterobacter spp (10.4%), Citrobacter spp (8.9%), Acinetobacter spp (7.2%), Klebsiella spp (3.5%), Pseudomonas spp (2.6%), Proteus spp (0.92%) and Serratia spp (0.78%). Most of Gram- negative bacilli with multidrug resistance were isolated from NICU (neonate intensive care unit) and PICU (pediatric intensive care unit) wards. The highest and lowest antibiotic resistance rates belonged, to ampicillin (84.5%) and meropenem (9.9%).The average multidrug resistance (MDR) rate was 68.9%, ranging from 55.9% for Enterobacter spp. to 83% for Acinetobacter spp.

Multidrug resistance was high among the microorganisms isolated in this center. To select appropriate and specific treatment, periodic interactions and monitoring of the pathogen resistance pattern should be considered and unnecessary use of antibiotics should be avoided.