Investigating the effects of the application of silicon nanoparticles and mycorrhiza on the quantitative and qualitative yield of wheat under drought stress at the end of the growing season

In order to investigate the possibility of reducing the negative effects of heat stress at the end of the wheat season by using Silicon nanoparticles and mycorrhiza, this experiment was carried out in a split form in the form of a Randomized Complete Block Design in three replications in the crop year 2018-2019 in the research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture of Lorestan University. The main factor is the interruption of irrigation at the end of the season in the three control levels (normal irrigation), the interruption of irrigation from the flowering stage and the interruption of irrigation from the milking stage to the end of growth and the first secondary factor, silicon nanoparticles in the three levels of not using silicon nanoparticles, silicon nanoparticles 40 mg/liter and silicon nanoparticles 80 mg/liter and the second factor was mycorrhiza biofertilizer in two levels of not using mycorrhiza and using mycorrhiza. The interaction effect of three treatments showed that in the treatment of normal irrigation + Silicon nanoparticles 40 mg/liter + mycorrhiza, the highest seed yield (5279 kg/ha), 1000 seed weight (36.87 grams), number of seeds per spike (46.3 units), the number of spikes per square meter (699 units), raw protein yield and biological yield (774 and 15150 kg/ha) were obtained, on the other hand, in the treatment of stopping irrigation in the flowering stage and not using silicon nanoparticles and mycorrhiza, the most The percentage of crude seed protein (17.33%) was obtained. it is worth mentioning that the highest harvest index (37.70%) belonged to the treatment of stopping irrigation at the milking stage + 80 mg/liter of silicon nanoparticles + mycorrhizal inoculation. In this experiment, differences of 60.45, 40.22 and 55.91 were observed between the highest and lowest seed yield, protein yield and biological yield. The results showed that the use of mycorrhiza biofertilizer and Silicon nanoparticles were useful for increasing the quantity and quality of wheat, especially at the end of the growing season. Considering that the sources of Silicon and mycorrhizal fungi are obtained at the lowest cost, therefore, it is suggested that farmers use the above inputs in wheat cultivation in order to produce more.