Sociological study of selecting meaningful words based on the theory and critical approach of Freklaf discourse in Khaghani poems.

Poets and artists present their social attitudes in their works in different ways. Words in poetry are tools of description and illustration that can reflect a broad semantic load; because in poetry, due to the different use of language, words are present with a wide scope of meanings. Hence, learning the words of poem can play an important role in knowing the text and interpreting the social conditions of the time. This research is based on the importance and role of words, and also the effects of social environment on the selection of words. The research examines the meaningful directions of words in terms of sociology of language in the poems of Khaghani by descriptive-analytical method, based on library data and according to Freklaf critical discourse approach in three subjects (description, interpretation and explanation). The findings of the research indicate that Khaghani has portrayed many sociological aspects of his time with a critical view. Khaghani’ images of social conditions, livelihoods, social classes, jobs, etc., presented with the utmost elegance. According to Freklaf’s critical approach at the mentioned levels, Khaghani’s language as a social action shows various issues of social relations and identities.