Psychological obstacles of political development in Iran (68-76)

Investigating the historical obstacles to development in its various dimensions is of great importance for finding the roots of the current situation of underdeveloped societies and also providing a way to remove the obstacles and achieve a favorable situation for them. Therefore, the present research deals with the psychological obstacles of political development at the historical stage. (68-76) Iran deals with this issue. One of the reasons for Iran's political underdevelopment can be its psychological obstacles. In this regard, referring to Abraham Maslow's theory of ``hierarchy of human needs'' and Ronald Inglehart's theory of ``value transformation,'' it is possible to prioritize the economic, security, and belonging (identity) needs of Iranian society (68-76) as well as the lack of He pointed out the priority and non-activation of the higher needs of the Iranian society at this historical moment. The current research is of a historical type and in order to examine the problem and the research question and provide an appropriate answer in this field, the document-library method and an explanatory approach have been used. The findings show that healthy self-esteem plays an important role in the realization of political freedom due to the possession of components such as having a belief in self-worth and competence, having a belief in self-ability, independence, indomitability, awareness and rationality. Also, the democratic attitude plays an important role in the realization of political participation due to its components such as sociability, convergence, optimism and low motivation for seeking power and dominance.