The appearance of the lady envoys and diplomatic etiquette in their missions in Shahnameh

Shahnameh is a valuable historical document in the field of diplomatic relations between Iran and other great governments in ancient times. In this great book, one can clearly see how diplomats played a role in the expansion of political relations between governments. This article tries to address the small number of cases in which lady diplomats were sent from one court to another. Based on this research, 9 lady envoys can be found throughout the stories of Shahnameh. By narrating the missions of each of the lady envoys and analyzing the content of these accounts, the author recounts their behavioral characteristics and how these lady diplomats carried out the mission. Among the results of this study, it can be noted that although sending women as envoys was not very common, but in the existing stories, these diplomats have been able to complete their missions successfully. It can also be seen in all these stories that women diplomats, without the need to show masculine behavior, have been able to do their job properly while maintaining feminine characteristics. The three main characteristics of "perspicacity, secrecy and peace-making", along with wisdom, ingenuity, intelligence, knowledge of political issues, eloquence, neatness, honesty and awareness of diplomatic etiquette have been the main characteristics of these envoys.