A Comparative Study of Ayatollah Ma’rifat and Abdul Azim Zurqani’s Views on the Historical Foundations of the Science of Recitation (Qira’t)

The science of recitation (Qira’t) is one of the important subjects of Quranic sciences, which has been the focus by Shia and Sunni scholars since the revelation of the Quran. The discussion of recitation (Qira’t) science has many dimensions. One of the most important of these dimensions is the investigation of the historical foundations of recitation (Qira’t) science from the perspective of scholars of Two Major Islamic Sects. The present article examines the views of the great Shia scholar Ayatollah Allamah Ma’rifat and the famous Sunni scholar Abd al-Azim Zurqani in the field of the historical foundations of recitation (Qira’t) science. The important results obtained by examining the views of the above two scholars are: Ayatollah Allamah Ma’rifat did not consider any recitation (Qira’t) of Hafr’s narration from Asim recitation to be a more massive report, and does not consider it authentic. Abdul Azim Zurqani considers the seven recitations to be a massive report and valid. In Ayatollah Allamah Ma’rifat’s view, the collection and compilation of the Quran in its current form did not take place at one time but was done over time by different people and groups. The order, setting and number of verses in each surah during the lifetime of the Holy Prophet are done by the order of the Holy Prophet and it should be accepted as worship and reciting a surah in the same way. The recording of the verses in the surahs, whether by natural order or order-based, is restricted and by the supervision and order of the Holy Prophet, it has been done and it should be followed. However, according to Zurqani, the collection of the Quran was in three stages: the era of the Prophet, the era of Abu Bakr, and the era of Uthman. According to Ayatollah Allamah Ma’rifat, the most important factor in the creation of the science of recitation (Qira’t) is the ijtihad of the companions and the reciters. According to him, the difference in recitations (Qira’at) is not based on revelation. But from Ruzqani’s point of view, the seven recitations from the Almighty God on the Holy Prophet have been revealed Based on this, the interpretation of these two religious scholars is different from the narration of Seven Letters