Analyzing the Meaning of Faḍaḥikat in the Verse 71 of Surah Hūd in Interpretations and Persian and Latin Translations Based on a Historical and Comparative Study

The word Faḍaḥikat in the Qur’an (Hud: 71) is one of the words that commentators and translators of Persian and Latin have not provided the same meaning for it.. The commentators have expressed various meanings such as laughed, menstruated, surprised, etc.; but the translators have given only 4 meanings for faḍaḥikat, which are: laughed, menstruated, surprised and scared. Among these meanings, the two meanings "laughed" and "menstruated" have the highest frequency in interpretations and translations. Narratives have also been narrated in the meaning of faḍaḥikat which has become the basis for a group of commentators and translators. This research was carried out with the analytical method and comparative historical approach, with the aim of finding the causes and origins of the difference in the meanings of this word in the process of time and presenting a meaning that is close to correct. Examining the lexical sources and poems of the Jahili, Mokhazramin, and Islamic eras, as well as the historical course of interpretations and analysis of the traditions, and the examination of this issue in the Old Testament together with the etymology of the word "ḍ ḥ k" in Hebrew shows that the philologists, commentators and the translators were not careful in the meaning of the word and did not provide an accurate translation. The results indicate that of the two common meanings, "laughed" is closer to the correct meaning, and the meaning "menstruated" is the result of a wrong adaptation from the Old Testament.