Development of differential equation of individual factors affecting performance in the fourth grade TIMSS 2019 exam in high and low performance students

TIMSS is one of the most important comparative studies that assess the status of mathematics and science education. In the past few decades, Iranian students have performed poorly. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to differentiate successful students from unsuccessful based on individual factors to investigate what individual factors can be the basis for the success of individuals in this evaluation. The method of this research is correlational in the form of differential equation. The statistical population is all schools participating in the TIMSS 2019 exam. The sampling method is regular two- stage cluster sampling method that was performed in the TIMSS 2019 exam. The data collection tool in this study is the questions of the 2019 TIMSS Questionnaire for family, student, principal and teacher, which was published by the International Association for the Evaluation of Academic Achievement in 2019. Differential analysis method was used to analyze the data. The findings of this study showed that the number of books with a resolution of 0.630, science in school with a resolution of 0.462, assets with a resolution of 0.261, gender with a resolution of 0.231 and mathematics in school with a resolution of 0.210 have the greatest impact on the separation of successful students from unsuccessful students based on individual components. Therefore Having effective textbooks, presenting materials in a practical way and students' practical learning, and economic and financial status are among the individual factors influencing the success of the TIMSS and PIRLS test.