Correlation of Human Development Level with Gender Inequality and Gender Exploitation

Gender equality, as one of the factors affecting human development, indicates non-discrimination in terms of employment, education, health, social participation, etc. between women and men in the society. The purpose of this research was to investigate the level of development of Iran's provinces in terms of the degree of deprivation and gender advantage.

This retrospective research was conducted based on the results of the census of 2009 and 2019 in the provinces of Iran. The data of Iran's provinces regarding the type of settlement, population density (manpower), distance from the capital, level of human development and gross domestic index were extracted using a checklist from the statistical yearbooks of 2009 and 2019. The data were extracted using coefficient Pearson correlation and multivariate regression test were analyzed through SPSS 22 software.

Gender advantage and gender deprivation were correlated with the level of human development, distance from the capital, population density and type of settlement. Also, the level of human development, distance from the capital, population density and type of settlement in 2009 and 2019 significantly explained the variance of indicators of gender advantage and gender deprivation.

Human development indicators (type of settlement, population density, distance from the capital, level of human development) and gross domestic index have an effect on gender deprivation and gender advantage.