Obvious crime and the duties of judicial officers in relation to the civil rights of the accused

The police, as judicial officers, is one of the most important institutions in the criminal justice system, whose main function is to maintain order and ensure the internal security of the country. Because the first and most intersection of the criminal justice system with citizens and their rights and freedoms, especially the accused, takes place through this institution. Considering that judicial officers have a direct relationship with the rights of individuals involved in criminal phenomena, especially in relation to obvious crimes, they have important and considerable duties towards them, which are acceptable in the Criminal Procedure Code of 1392 as amended in 1394. And is specified by the legislator. Among the duties and responsibilities of judicial officers is the need to pay attention to and respect the citizenship rights of individuals as a human right and human rights in the management of criminal cases. The most serious duties of judicial officers are regarding the protection and guarantee of citizenship rights towards the accused, which include the protection of the human dignity of the accused and the prohibition of any torture and insulting acts against him, the right of the accused to immunity from deprivation of liberty, the right to be informed. And the reasons for the accusation are the right to remain silent and the right to use a lawyer, which has been the subject of this study.