Screening of Progenies Obtained from Hybridization of Some Seeded and Seedless Grapes to Recognize Superior Seedless Progeny

Breeding program carried out in Horticultural Research Station of the University of Tehran in 1996 with crossing of seven good quality seeded grape cultivars as female parents (Muscat Siah, Tabraze, Dizmari, Alhaghi, Ghezelozum, Rajabi Sefid, Alibaba) and four seedless grapes as male parents (Bidane Sefid, Bidane Ghermez, Yaghouti, Askari). 223 and 276 genotypes of that crossing respectively in 2019 and 2020 with bush training were evaluated for their quantitative and qualitative traits. Blooming date and fruit and seed traits were measured and recorded. Based on the results, the highest percentage of coefficient variation was in the number of floating and sink seeds of a berry, berry color, and dry weight of seeds per berry, cluster weight, while the lowest coefficient of variation was obtained for pH juice and berry width. There was a positive correlation between berry traits and seed index. The seedless progenies were 17.93% in the first year and 9.05% in the second year. Fresh weight of seeds in a berry in classes of seedless, semi-seedless, semi-seeded and seeded were recorded 0.02, 0.05, 0.07 and 0.1 g respectively. In comparative with male parents and control groups, seedless genotypes of G135, H126, H139, H171 in 2019 and B60, D66, H124, H139 in 2020, were recognized as superior genotypes. As well as, among semi-seedless genotypes, E147, G110, C88, I67, F125 were selected as superior due to their traits. Finally, the best selected seedless genotypes of H139 with a berry weight of 2.6 g and D66 with a berry weight of 3.3 g which are highly recommended for further studies to be released as new cultivars.