Integrated Designing and Planning of Production and Distribution in the Supply Chain with a Bi-Level Programming Approach and Considering Environmental Indicators and Credibility

The purpose of this research is to design and plan the production and distribution supply chain in an integrated manner.

By using the bi-level programing approach, it is possible to maintain the integrity of decision-making while managing the conflict between the goals and interests of the decision-makers. In the proposed model, supply chain design decisions are considered at the leader level and production and distribution planning decisions are jointly considered at the follower level. At the leader level, the three goals of minimizing the costs of the entire supply chain, maximizing reliability and minimizing adverse environmental effects, and at the follower level, minimizing production costs and minimizing distribution costs are pursued. Therefore, the proposed bi-level programing model is multi-objective and multi-follower. To calculate the credibility of SCOR12 model parameters, hierarchical data analysis technique and fault tree analysis were used. The carbon dioxide emission factor was used to measure the adverse environmental effects. Finally, meta-heuristic technique has been used to solve the proposed model.

The findings indicate that due to the high accuracy of the MOEA/D algorithm, the findings of this algorithm can be trusted for the supply chain problem.

This research is considered a new approach in terms of leveling the problem and choosing the problem of leader and follower. If the decisions related to the design and planning of the supply chain are made with the cooperation of the supply chain links and in an integrated manner, the probability of achieving more favorable results increases