Evaluation of structural-distributive spatial justice with emphasis on the role of urban management (Case study: Urmia city)

In order to institutionalize justice, urban management should pay attention to both decision-making processes (structural justice) and results and effects and consequences of development (distributive justice) and try to discover the structures and underlying layers that cause injustice and inequality in cities and examine distributional results from fair aspects. Or be unfair. Accordingly, the main purpose of this article is to evaluate spatial justice by emphasizing the role of urban management, based on which justice is examined in the light of decision-making processes (structural justice) and the effects and consequences of development (distributive justice(. Therefore, the concept and dimensions of justice and spatial justice, its evaluation methods and criteria that can be used to evaluate it in planning documents and traditions such as comprehensive urban plans and spatial distribution of development consequences, are among the topics considered in this study. are. The information and data of the GEC census of 2016 and the information of the uses collected by the Deputy of Urban Planning and Architecture of Urmia Municipality in 2021 have been used to study distributive justice and to collect the documents of the comprehensive plan to study structural justice. The most important findings of this study are the development of a framework for evaluating spatial justice in urban development programs (by qualitative discourse analysis with emphasis on the semiotic network of Ferdinand Dossussor) and the spatial distribution of development effects and consequences (using quantitative and spatial models in GIS) and institutionalization. It emphasizes the role of urban management. The results showed that the document of the comprehensive plan of Urmia in general has considered a very low and minimal level of justice and has considered this issue (justice) from less angles and the interpretation of the document of spatial justice is more focused on the physical dimension.