Effect of Some Training Systems on Vegetative Growth, Fruit Yield and Fruit Quality of Vitis vinifera cv. Sefid Bidaneh in Takestan Region

Eight grapevine training systems were compared for their effects on yield, vegetative growth, and fruit quality in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Sefid Bidaneh in Grapevine Research Station of Takestan Qazvin, Iran. The cost of establishment of systems, fruit bearing index, shoot growing rate, TSS, TA, pH were assessed and measured. Vines were own-rooted, spaced two meter apart in three meter wide rows over five growing seasons 2002-2006. The main objective was to determine training system effect on fruit bearing index, shoot growth, fruit quality and fruit yield in a context of efficient vineyard management. Training systems were Guyot, Low cordon spur pruned (LCSP), High cordon spur pruned (HCSP), Geneva double curtain (GDC), Head training spur prune (HSP), Simple cordon spur pruned (SCSP), Y system (Y) and Traditional training system (TTS) in Iran. Vines were annually spur-pruned in all systems of training. The greatest year-to-year variation in yield occurred in Head spur pruned (5.2 kg/vine) and Geneva double curtain training (2.25 kg/vine). Fruit bearing index of SCSP was greatest (1.45) and lowest in Geneva double curtain (0.85). Individual berry weights were consistently least in TTS (0.86g), and greatest in Guyot (1.21g). Fruit from Y training systems had more rates of sugar accumulation (TSS) during four seasons (24.5) in which repeated measures of fruit maturity were made and lowest rate of TSS observed in LCSP and TTS (21.25). Titratable acidity of fruit juice was lowest in HS and Y systems (0.546 mg/100cc). Fruit from Y system had highest pH (4.15) and lowest pH observed in HCSP (3.24). Vegetative vigor of vines (kg/vine) were least in Guyot (2.19) and greatest in TTS (2.45). The greatest year-to-year variation in bud break reduction occurred in HCSP (24.58%) and lowest in HS (16.15%).