مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جیرفت
سال دوم شماره 1 (بهار و تابستان 1394)

There is controversial relationship between calcium and magnesium intake with obesity and hypertension. The aim of this study was relationship between dietary calcium and magnesium intake with anthropometric indices and hypertension in Prinzmetal angina syndrome patients and healthy person.
In this case - control study, 34 patients with Prinzmetal angina syndrome and 31 healthy persons at aged 60-40 years were selected int Khomeini hospital of Ardabil city, 2013-14. Demographic information were collected using a questionnaire. Blood pressure and anthropometric parameters were measured using appropriate methods. 24-hour recall questionnaire used to assess dietary calcium and magnesium intake. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, Mann-Whitney and Pearson correlation tests.
The mean of blood pressure and waist-to-hip ratio in patient group significantly were higher than control group (p Our study results indicate that there was inverse relation among dietary calcium and magnesium with body mass indexes, and dietary calcium with blood pressure in Prinzmetal angina patients.

Trihalomethanes have been known as carcinogen material for human by IARC. Considering the Zanjanś drinking water is supplied from the dam in 2008 and water disinfection with chlorine is performed, this study was carried out to determine THM concentrations in drinking water of Zanjan city.
In this descriptive-cross-sectional research, 32 samples were taken from storage tanks, effluent treatment plant and different points of drinking water distribution system after the city map meshing so that covers all parts of the system in winter and summer seasons in 2013. The reason for these two seasons been variations in the concentration of organic substances in water resources and consequently the concentration of THMs precursors produced and the effect of temperature on the formation of THMs. Gas chromatography technic was used in purge and trap method with electron capture detector for analyzing THM’s samples for each of four components including Chloroform, Bromodichloromethane, Dibromocholoromethane and Bromoform.
The average concentration of THMs in winter for Chloroform, Bromodichloromethane, Dibromocholoromethane and Bromoform, were 4.7±1.44, 4.72±1.25, 3.08±0.43 and 1.98±0.14 µg/Lit and in summer were 4.21±1.83, 4.71±1.8, 3.65±0.81 and 2.22±0.14 µg/Lit, respectively. The average of total THMs in winter equal to 14.19±3.09 µg/Lit and in summer equal to 14.81±4.4 µg/Lit.
Concentration of trihalomethanes and total trihalomethanes in Zanjan drinking water distribution system is lower than the national and international standards and the drinking water consumers arenot at risk of exposure to trihalomethanes.

One of the problems that could occur for milk is antibiotics contamination. Due to the major research done in this field isnt organized and their adverse impact on public health; the aim of the present study is review of past studies about antibiotic contamination in milk of Iran.
The present study is a systematic review of the literature related to the topic from internal and foreign data base such as Iranmedex, Irandoc, SID, Google Scholar, Scopus ¡Science Direct, WHO, open access journals and Pubmed with keywords of antibiotic, milk, Iran and systematic review during 1992 to 2012. Base on content of titles and abstracts, 32 articles were selected and analyzed.
Results showed that the contamination of antibiotics in measured samples of studies ware obtained 2.66- 20.17 % for beta-lactam, tetracycline 1-82%, aminoglycosides 11.76-98 %, macrolides 69.1%, chloramphenicol (other antibiotics) 65 %, overall antibiotics 5-67.5% averagely.
: The most studies there were posotive contaminations. Considering to the high level of antibiotics The most of regions and the adverse effects of these compounds on public health, implementing an effective strategy in this field is so essential for keeping public health.

Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP) is the most prevalent complication in the first trimester of pregnancy that 50 to 90% of pregnant women experience it in some extend. Moreover this problem compromises their familial and social function as well as their physical and mental health. The purpose of this study is to determine factors that affect the incidence rate and severity of NVP.
This cross-sectional study was done on 300 pregnant women at 7 to 8 weeks of gestation who referred to the prenatal clinic of Ayattolah Rouhani Hospital. Data was gathered by a questionnaire and the severity of NVP assessed by using the PUQE scoring system (Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis and nausea). Data were analyzed by SPSS software, version18 using and chi square and Fisher extact tests.
Of the 300 women included in the study 26% had mild, 64.3% moderate and 9.7% had severed NVP. From the variables of this study, husband's job and his education were significantly associated with the incidence of vomiting and the history of gastric disease was significantly associated with the incidence of both nausea and vomiting. 68.1% of women's husbands who had vomiting were self-employers. The lowest rate of vomiting was within the women whose husbands’ education was higher than diploma (16.1%). There was a significant association between the severity of NVP and the number of labors, history of NVP in past pregnancies, husband's job and pregnant woman education level.
According to the high incidence of NVP and its complications, we suggest that pregnant women with these characteristics participate in individual meetings that teach instruct them about symptoms, severity and the way to manage and control them; also we recommend the research about the association of other gastrointestinal disorders with NVP and proper management of them.

Airborne particles are a major cause of respiratory disorders of humans. Fungal spores are one of the most important in air that can cause allergy and infection in humans. This study was carried out to identify and measure fungal spores in indoor air and outdoor air of babol city in 1391.
In this study, 57 air samples (38 indoor samples and 19 outdoor samples) were collected by opend petridish method. Collected samples were cultured in Sabouraud dextrose agar contain chloramphenicol and incubated at 27-30 0C for 3-10 days. Isolated fungal colonies were identified via macroscopic and microscopic characteristics.
In the current study, fourteen fungal genera and 1905 colonies were recovered. Airborne fungal concentrations in indoor air were lower than those in outdoor air. Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Yeast and Penicillium were the dominant isolates.
The results of this study showed that various pathogenic fungi are present in indoor and outdoor air of babol city.

Headache has become one of the common complaints by general population in recent days. 90 % of people experience at least one episodes of headache in a year¡and one of the major causes for reduction of emotional and functional effectiveness of community and therefore increase in diagnostic evaluations by doctors. Because of the major role of staff in government bureaus and also because of high prevalence of headache in this group research on different aspects of headache in this subgroup of general population seems to be rescannable.Purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of headache and measuring disability of the employees Rafsanjan university of medical sciences in 2012.
In this study beta version of Headache disability Index (HDI) questionnaire were applied. This questionnaire consists of one demographic data section and another section for characteristic aspects of headache. After explaining different aspect of this research and questionnaire, then collected data were entered to SPSS-19. P values Headache was more common between female groups than male groups significantly. According to this study headache and its complications were significantly higher in female sex and income less than 300000 Tomans. Also prevalence of headache in younger population and less educated people was higher than other subgroups, which caused more impairment in functional and emotional capacity of population.
The study findings suggest that the headache has high prevalence in employees of Rafsanjan University of medical sciences. Pain and disability resulting from it can have a negative impact on employees’ work efficiency.

Due to importance of health pests and necessity of their control using of biological methods to protect the environment and ecology of beneficial insects, the purpose of this study was to present an overview of the natural enemies of pests and predators, as well as introduced three new predator's species in Iran.
This study reviewed (review) using the key words such as: Predator, Nautral enemies , Biological control , in Databases of Ovid, Pub Med, Web of Science, Systematic Review and SID in site and out of the country during the years 1361 to 1391 (1981 to2012), in English and Persian language. In this study out of about 170 articles, 54 papers were selected the qualified sources and investigated.
To reduce health problems from pests and how to control it in human populations, biological methods can be used to simplify and have a lasting effects and the selected property as a suitable alternative to chemical control program. In the meantime, three health pest predators species, including; Eublepharis macularius, Hemiechinus hypomelas and, Scarites sp can be introduced as the most effective biological control in Isfahan province.
Using of predators and recognition of new predator's species as biological methods instead of harmful chemical methods can have a healthy environment away from the dangers of application of chemical pesticides with the aim of providing a healthy society.

Youths in many developing countries, such as Iran, are at acute risk of sexually transmitted infection and human immune deficiency virus infection and unintended pregnancies. The present research was studying and evaluating the impact of reproductive and sexual health teaching and training on the female students’ knowledge and attitude.
This intervention quasi-experimental aims to study the effects of teaching contraceptive and preventive methods of sexual diseases on the female students’ knowledge and their attitudes toward reproductive and sexual health. Analyses was performed by using spss version18 software program, descriptive statistics methods and repeated measurement methods.
Repeated measurement test was shown a significant difference between students’ knowledge and attitude scores immediately after teaching and training (p According to the results of the present research, it can be said that training increased students’ knowledge, attitude and improved the field of reproductive health. Systematic policies of evaluation, guidelines and intervention programs need to be conducted to understand their impact and to maintain adherence.