مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 555 (هفته سوم بهمن 1398)

This study aimed to determine the effect of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) on reduction of respiratory complications during and after the surgery in patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery.

In a clinical trial study performed in Alzahra hospital, Isfahan, Iran, during 2018-19, 54 patients with severe obesity were selected and allocated in two groups of laparoscopic bariatric surgery with and without PEEP (10 cmH2</sub>O). The incidence of respiratory complications and hemodynamic status of patients before, during, and after surgery were evaluated and compared.

The use of PEEP in laparoscopic bariatric surgery decreased the time of hospitalization in intensive care unit (ICU) and general ward, increased oxygenation saturation during surgery and recovery, and improved the number of breathing. The use of PEEP was helpful in preventing respiratory distress, too.

 According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that PEEP, as a medical aid, can be useful in reducing respiratory complications after laparoscopic bariatric surgery.

There was no report about the effect of Lavandula angustifolia (lavender) on Purkinje neurons in cerebellum. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of lavender extract on structure of Purkinje neurons during forced swimming stress.

Fifty rats were randomly divided into five groups of ten. Four groups were enforced under swimming stress; the first group received gavage normal saline, the second, third, and fourth group received 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg of gavage lavender extract, respectively. The fifth group considered as intact control. The treatment period was 14 days. Rats were deeply anesthetized and sacrificed, and the cerebella dissected and fixed in formalin. Histological passage was performed for each section, and stained thereafter. The number of normal Purkinje neurons were then counted. The morphological changes in the Purkinje neurons were histologically and immunohistochemically determined. Data were statistically analyzed using Duncan and Scheffe tests.

There were significant increase in mean number of normal Purkinje neurons in rats received 400 mg/kg lavender extract compared to other groups (P < 0.001). Compared to other groups, the morphological changes such as density of the nucleus in Purkinje neurons, raised cytoplasm acidophilic, and caspase-3-positive neuronal Purkinje increased in the group with swimming stress and normal saline.

The results showed that lavender extract at 400 mg/kg dose may protect Purkinje neurons in male rats under forced swimming stress.

Peripheral neuropathy is one of the most frequent side effects of bortezomib-based chemotherapy, which has the most important role in treatment of multiple myeloma. Various supplements including vitamin B group complex have been examined to prevent and treat bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy (BIPN), but there is no definite recommendation yet. We aimed to evaluate the role of vitamin B1 (thiamine) in prevention of BIPN in patients with multiple myeloma.

This was a randomized controlled clinical trial study. Patients with multiple myeloma who were supposed to receive 4 months of bortezomib-based chemotherapy were enrolled the study and divided into two groups. The intervention group received thiamine at a dose of 300 mg per day from the beginning of treatment schedules, and the control group were observed during treatment. For assessment, we used symptoms experience questionnaire that was completed after 4 months.

29 patients were enrolled in vitamin B1 group and 29 others in control group. Peripheral neuropathy score significantly decreased after intervention with vitamin B1 in comparison with control group (P < 0.0001).

 The findings demonstrate that vitamin B1 has a significant effect on preventing and reducing the severity of peripheral neuropathy in BIPN.