فصلنامه زیبایی شناسی ادبی
سال دهم شماره 42 (زمستان 1398)

The culmination of Indian Style and the cause of its growth refer back to the efforts and creative images as set forth by Bidel Dehlavi, leading to the genesis of various kinds of metaphors in his poetry, in which cases these metaphors are inconceivable and original so that one can dare to say that they are not found in some other poetries. The Indian style was  formed by Saib Tabrizi in Iran in the eleventh century and Bidel Dehlavi in India in which one can call Bidel as the knight of Persian language in Persian speaking territories overseas. This paper endeavors to give further explanations on water and mirror as the two highly applied motives in Bidel’s poetry along with some metaphors and their original combinations by such a rare stranger so that the study of his poetry and the profound philosophical and mystical meanings could become easier to some extent, and by unveiling the ambiguities and sophistications of his language that stemmed from these combinations and thoughts, the mellifluousness of his poetry as the full-fledged representative of the Indian style poetry could be transferred to his readers more than ever, dusting the surface of this brilliant gem, and remind the value of his poems once more.

an allegory is one of the literary ways in which the author, with his help, makes sense of his message and adds to the range of understanding and understanding of the audience. The literary industry has also been used in contemporary fictional literature according to its functions. Meanwhile, Sadeq Choobak in his "Ghafas", with a paradigmatic look, portrays his political and social concerns and depicts an image of the surrendered and passive society of his time, and the structure of the government of time and the lack of role-play and people''s stroke to overcome anomalies Political and social challenges. In the present article, using the descriptive method and the content analysis technique, the function of the allegory in this story has been analyzed and analyzed. Looks like Choobak in various dimensions, such as creating weak and passive characters; explaining the category of social algebra and the negation of freedom in society; describing the exact details; and drawing an unpleasant end, has an allegorical approach, which has made its effect multi-layered and mysterious. In total, it can be said that the story of "cage" was the author''s literary reaction to the unfavorable political conditions of Iranian society in the years 1320 to 1330.

Prodiorthosis that provides appropriateness of details is actually presentation of some words in the book introduction or preface of elegy which directs readers to the content of the book or elegy. It has always been among those figures of speech that has been less addressed in Naser's poetry. Poetic language of "Naser Khosro" represents his ability to novation and artistic creativity. He is able to start most of his elegy with Prodiorthosis relying on his knowledge of Persian and Arabic languages. Current study attempts to provide answer for specific questions and ambiguities regarding this figure of speech in Naser Khosro’s poems using library resources and based on the research data and argumentative perceptions utilizing explanatory-analytical approach.

Similarity is one of the most important poetic imaginary forms and is the most prominent essence of poetry. In the study of the imagery of poets, the likeness of poets shows the highest use in poetry poetry.
In this article, we have tried to show the abundance of rhetorical and artistic expressions in the use of simile in Shahriar's poems and we endeavor to bring forth unique and, of course, mundane examples of Shahriyar in his Word. The use of archeology from artifacts and literary arrays was especially likelihood of its own way, which makes use of the likeness of likeness or likeness in similarity. For example, the likeness of the white (similar to the likeness).
The parrot is spicy and reminds me of the smell of lunch, as it still is Of course, these similes are also seen in ancient works, but the use of similitude is presented in a very nice simile. Like Why does not his head come up on his moon, except on the clouds of the sun.

Rhyme is one of the musical manifestations of the poem so that if the rhyming rhythm is right and healthy it will remain alive. Therefore, poets spend time on rhyme and give it great importance. From the early centuries of Persian poetry to the present day, many changes have been made in rhymes, and by examining the science of rhyme on the basis of material in the vocabulary and criticism of poetry, one can easily understand the importance of rhyme and its effectiveness in Persian poetry. Rhyming is part of the vocabulary available to any poet and is a word that comes from standard language and has a stylistic role and value. In this study, after examining the poems of four poets of the constitutional era, we examine the musical, artistic and rhyme aspects of rhyme, as well as the interplay and tenure that the poets have made in the rhyme words and provide new manifestations of the art of rhyming. The purpose of this article is to study the musical aspects, artisanship, innovation and artistic effects of rhyme in the poetry of these poets.

The field of art and beauty is in fact one of the most controversial fields of human learning and among these are the traces of literature and the integral part of poetry. The life and destiny of the Prophets and Imams as complete human beings. And one of the richest sources of inspiration in the formation of literary and artistic works it has always been the source of the creation and illustration of poets and writers in Persian literature What this article is about a study of the story of the Prophets in the Divine Salim is aesthetic The poet of Indian style, with the artistic design of his poems, used the story of the 12 rophets and 3 imams the effects of the life of Khezr have the best frequency. The methodology of this research is of a descriptive-analytical nature and in terms of theoretical purpose and its content through library studies with the aim of recognizing and introducing aesthetic aspects.In the form of prophets and imams in these poems the poem of this Indian poet is an expression of many aesthetics and various rhetorical practices It is like a prominent exaggeration. He has tried with these tales provide clear and detailed descriptions of his poetic topics.

‘Sit biaram’ means ‘I am bringing for you’ which describes the purpose of bringing gifts for the bride by the groom. This song is usually sung by a group of women without any accompaniment. In this article according to the library resources, aesthetic application of ‘Sit bairam’ song, which have been collected as a field study is analyzed in two sections of surface structure “sounds, words, music and imaginary forms” and deep structure or content “emotion, thought, and meaning”. A review of literature shows that in the section of surface structure in verses, the “sounds” creates the movement alongside with music, sometimes with calmness and sometimes with roughness. The words companion has an effective role in the emotional associations and meaning of a poem. In some distiches rhythm and rhyme are problematic, but they are excusable and can be ignored. Indigenous music of verses is indebted to arrays of phonotactics, wordage wording and synonymy respectively, and also spiritual music consists of symmetry, poetical aetiology and exaggeration. “Metaphor” and then “simile” are effective in the creation of imaginary forms. From emotional point of view, in the deep structure section, passion and happiness are noticeable in distiches, which owes it to sounds, words, and their combination, and is raised from the dominant theory of literature. In terms of meaning and in order of frequency, topics such as “love”, “natural resources”, and “demands for rural and nomadic life” are evident in the distiches.

Religious epics have followed a curious path through the history of Iranian literature from ancient times to the present day. In some of these epics, the emphasis is on the courage of Imam Ali (AS). The present article focuses on the religious epic of the attack on Heidari Raji Kermani which looks at parts of the Karbala event. Religious epics can be explored in many ways. For example, what were the sources of the epic poets 'poems in the song, or which of these poets' poetic power is superior to their other peers? Which of these works have been able to tell history, and which have been involved in legend and imagination? Which poem format is most used in Ashura? One can also look at religious epics in terms of the subject. One of the issues among the religious epics is Imam Hussein (AS) and the Ashura event. The present article examines this issue in the attack on Heidari Raji Kermani and also briefly reviews several works in this field..

"Death" in public usage means "not becoming" the existence of this world and the end of life. But the writers of thought and thought in various fields of thought, especially in the realm of mysticism and Sufism, have explained the "nature and meaning of life and death" from their own point of view, based on their attitudes toward the afterlife. Sanai, who holds a prominent position in the field of poetry and mysticism, focuses on "praiseworthy death and the conceptual relationship between the nature of life and death" in his intellectual geometry, with a different kind of appearance and special attention. He is not the first and last poet to attempt to explain the "concept of life and death," but "the death of the praiseworthy death of passion and the demystification of its nature and appearance," while emphasizing the significant attractions hidden in the "philosophy of life." The format of various allegories and various concepts with beautiful illustrations, in his mystical poems, especially Hadiqah al-Haqiqah, has a high and unique frequency, in this - the first Persian mystical system - we see a beautiful and varied explanation of the "concept of life and death". In this article, we have tried to analyze the meaning and nature of life and death, the dimensions of praiseworthy death and the reasons for his enthusiasm "in dealing with this mysterious incident, through accuracy and research in his view and based on his valuable works, especially the precious book" Hadiqah al-Haqiqah. and put research."