فصلنامه علوم زیستی ورزشی
پیاپی 46 (پاییز 1399)

Change in adipose tissue phenotype caused by exercise training is new theory that as result of muscle FNDC5 gene expression. The aim of the present study is to investigate the acute effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT( on PGC-1α and FNDC5 genes expression of diabetic rats. In this study, 18 diabetic wistar rats(12 week- age, 220-240 gr- weight) were assigned to three groups: high intensity interval training Immediately (HIIE0)(n=6), high intensity interval training 2hours later (HIIE2)(n=6) and control(C)(n=5). Both HIIT groups activated on the treadmill with 90-95% vo2max in the 12 interval-one minute period and 1 minute rest intervals. Real time PCR method was used for the relative expression of mRNA FNDC5 and PGC-1α. One-way ANOVA and Tukey Post hoc test has used to data analysis, the level of significance has been consider at 0/05. Data Analysis showed significant differences Research groups in expression of mRNA FNDC5 and PGC-1α (p≤0/01.) Tukey test showed, FNDC5 and PGC-1α gene expression In the 2 groups high intensity interval training(HIIT0-HIIT2) compared to the control group significantly increased (p≤0/01).

Multiple sclerosis affect the normal life of the affected patients. This study aimed to compare strength, range of motion and balance in multiple sclerosis patients in the active and inactive groups.

In this cross-sectional, Ex-post facto study, 72 Mazandaran patient's whit MS and 38 healthy controls participated voluntarily in four groups: active control (n=18), inactive control (n=20), active MS (n=27) and inactive MS (n=45). The maximum strength of quadriceps, trunk extensor, range of motion of Quadriceps, Hamstrings, Gastrocnemius and Soleus muscles in both legs and balance was assessed through static and dynamic tests. All findings were analyzed by one-way ANOVA.

The results showed significant differences in maximal strength (P = 0.008), strength of the trunk extensors (P = 0.001), static balance (P = 0.006), COP Changes with open eyes (P = 0.001), and closed eyes (P = 0.001) between the groups.

Contrary to the perception of people involved in MS that physical activity does not affect their functional or physiological symptoms, the results showed that given the difference between active and inactive people, it seems that exercise in these individuals results in minimum Eating symptoms associated with the disease, especially in balance and strength. KeyWords: Balance, Center of Pressure, Multiple Sclerosis, Range of motion, Strength

Eccentric contraction during exercise causes muscle and sarcolemma damage. Mitsogomin53 and Dysferlin are the major sarcolemma repair proteins. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage at different times on skeletal muscle Mitsogomin53 and Dysferlin. Fifty male Wistar rats, after familiarization with the environment and the treadmill were divided into five control groups and five eccentric exercise groups. Soleus muscle in sterile conditions disassociate half, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours (one week) after eccentric exercise (90 min interval running with 16 meter/min and -16 degree slope). Hematoxylin-eosin and western blotting methods were used to measure the number of inflammatory cells and extract the proteins of Mitsogomin53 and Dysferlin. Two-way ANOVA and independent t-test were used to compare the means with the significance level of p≤0.05. The number of inflammatory cells, Mitsogomin53 and Dysferlin proteins at the half, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours (one week) after eccentric exercise in the exercise group were significantly higher than the control group (p

Effective use of medications as methadone with exercise training can facilitate the development of healthy. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of different training with methadone on fibrinogen and lipid profile of addicted men.

90 addicted men are treated in prison (36.8 ± 4.3yrs) were randomly divided into six groups (n=15): control, Narcotics Anonymous(NA), aerobic training + methadone, aerobic training + methadone reduction, resistance training + methadone, Resistance training + methadone reduction. Experimental groups performed training for 12 weeks, three sessions in week. Aerobic training consisted of 4 to 8 sets, 3-min at 80–90 % maximum heart rate (HRmax) on a cycle ergometer. Resistance training performed with 8 to 12 repetitions, 3 sets and 70-85% one repetition maximum(1RM). Data were analyzed by SPSS software and Multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) and Tukey post hoc test at the significant level (P≤0.05).

The high-density lipoproteins (HDL) level of blood in the training groups was significantly increased (P≤00001) compared to the control group. Also, low-density lipoproteins (LDL, P≤0.005), Triglycerides (TG, P≤0/008), Total Cholesterol (P≤0/014 and fibrinogen (P≤00001) levels were significantly reduced in the training groups compared to the control group. Also, the aerobic training groups had a greater effect of all the measured variables than the resistance training.

regular exercise, especially aerobic and resistance exercises with a reduction in methadone has a favorable effect on inflammatory factors and ultimately the health of addicted people

The present study conducted to compare the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) with regard to variables associated syndrome metabolic in menopause obese women. In a semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design, 40 voluntary menopause obese women with metabolic syndrome, randomly assigned into three groups of control, MICT (3 days/wk of 25-30 min aerobic exercise at 40%–65% heart rate reserve(HRR)) and HIIT (3 days/wk of 6-12 × 60 s of high intensity training (85–95% HRR)) + running for 60 s at low intensity (55–60% of HRR )) exercise program for 12 weeks. Before training and after the last training bout body compoeition indices and blood samples of subjects were evaluated. The results showed that both HIIT and MICT groups showed a significant effect on weight, BMI, body Fat percent, waist circumference (WC), WHR, triglycerides, colestrol, LDL-C, HDL-C, fasting blood glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR (p0.05). Moreover, compared to MICT, HIIT demonstrated greater reduction in weight (p=0.003), BMI (p=0.003) body Fat percent (p=0.000), WC (p=0.006), triglycerides (p=0.041), insulin (p=0.022) and HOMA-IR (p=0.012). Taken together, our data suggest that despite of the effectiveness of both training program, compared to MICT, HIIT appears to be the predominant strategy for greater improvements in markers of syndrome metabolic in menopause obese women.

AbstractSirtuins have become prominent molecules in the aging process. Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare the effect of two months of concurrent training with and without calorie restriction on sirtuin-1 activity and content in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of inactive men. Therefore, thirty inactive men participated in three homogeneous groups: calorie restriction (CR: n=10), concurrent training (T: n=10), and concurrent training with calorie restriction (TCR: n=10). The calorie restriction was about -30 kcal•kg-1•week-1. The training consisted of five days a week (Resistance Training: two sessions / week-1, and High- Intensity Interval Training: three sessions / week-1). Sirtuin-1 content and activity in PBMCs were measured by ELISA and fluorometric assay, respectively. To measure oxidative stress, Plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined by FRAP and spectrophotometry, respectively. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance at a significance level ≤ 0.05. The results showed that Sirtuin-1 activity and TAC of all three groups were significantly increased after two-month interventions (p < 0.05). However, the changes in sirtuin-1 content and MDA levels were not significant in any groups (P> 0.05). Given the optimal changes in sirtuin-1 activity in PBMCs, TAC, and somebody composition components following two-months of concurrent training without calorie restriction, it can be concluded that concurrent training may be a more appropriate intervention for modulating the cell survival indicator in inactive men.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of SNL on the expression of TRAF6 muRF1 genes in the Soleus muscle of Wistar rats after HIT traning. For this purpose, 24 male rats were divided into 2 groups of control (C) (n=12) and training (HIT) (n=12). After one-week familiarization, training group participate in four HIT training. Then, they were randomly assigned to HIT (n=6) and HIT-SNL (n=6) groups. At the same time, the control group was divided into two groups: control (C) (n=6) and spinal cord nerve (C-SNL) (n=6). 4 weeks after the SNL, wistar rats were sacrificed and soleuse muscle exetracted.Then Gene expressions of MuRF1 and TRAF6 measured Real time PCR technique. The results showed that inactivity by SNL has a significant effect on the expression of TRAF6 and MuRF1 genes (P=0.0001 and P=0.0001, respectively). Also, performed before SNL reduced the expression of TRAF6 and MuRF1 (P=0.003 and P=0.0001 respectively). In addition, the findings indicated that SNL had a significant effect on the weight of Soleus muscle mass/ tibia length (P=0.01). On the other hand, HIT training before SNL significantly increased weight of Soleus muscle mass/ tibia length (P = 0.03). Therefore, the decrease in activity by SNL is associated with increased in expression of TRAF6 and MuRF1 genes, which may also be involved in muscle mass changes. Regarding the fact that performing HIT reduces the expression of these genes in soleus muscle, these training can be used to maintain obtimal muscle mass before physical activity.

Adipolin is a novel anti-inflammatory adipokine mostly synthases and expresses in adipose tissue. Due to the role of medicinal plants in controlling obesity, this study was conducted to determine the effect of 6 weeks aerobic training and aqueous extract of caraway seed on serum levels of adipolin, lipid profile changes in obese male rats. In this experimental study, 24 obese male rats, followed by a 12-week high-fat diet, were randomly divided into 4 groups: 1 control 2. exercise 3. caraway extract 4. exercise + caraway extract. The training groups performed 5 days a week for 6 weeks of aerobic exercise (approximately 55% VO2max). Serum levels of adipoline, lipid profile changes, and body weight were measured. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests. Results showed significant decrease in body weight, LDL-C, TG, TC (P