نشریه علوم آبزی پروری پیشرفته
سال یکم شماره 2 (پاییز 1396)

Caspian trout is valuable, Commercial, anadromous and endemic fishes species in the Caspian Sea so that, researchers attention have been focused on this species. In this study, in order to introduce a new species to the aquaculture system, in order to provide the brood stock, the production of juveniles for culturing in ponds and cage and production of salmon in coastal areas is important. In order to carry out this research, 8 m³ concrete ponds with density of 10 and 20 kg / m3 and 3 replications were used. Results showed, culture of Caspian trout is suitable with density 10 kg/m3, so that weight gain, SGR and Daily growth mean are better than treatment 2(15-20 kg/m3). According to the results, the weight gain of fish in treatment 1 (10 kg / m3) and treatment 2 (20 kg / m3) compared to the original weight of 10.1 g was 1953.9% and 1734% respectively. There was significant difference between treatments. The specific growth rates of fish in the first and second treatments were 1.37 and 1.32%, respectively, and this difference was significant (p <0.05). The initial and final condition factor of fish was calculated 1.07 and 1.21, respectively. In addition, the conversion coefficient was equal to 0.82. The best temperature for culturing Caspian trout with an appropriate feeding intensity was between 15 to 17 0c. In this research, the launch of the refrigeration system in the summer season, the fish weight reached 700 gr (maximum 1100 gr). Meanwhile, by promoting pre-productive fishes to private farms, about 200,000 eggs were produced.

replacement effects of different proportions of silver carp meat (0%, 25%, 50%) and kilka meat have been studied in burger formula comparing control treatment (pure burger of silver carp meat). to identify the best proportion of the composition in view of the product acceptability along with identifying long life of the composed burger according to germ spoiling criteria which are under keeping conditions below -18c. sampling  was performed for microbial tests including: total viable count (TVC), coliform , staphilococcus aureus, salmonellas, clostridium  perfringens, mold and yeast three times and every month for 6 months.that average of data are significant (P<0.05).The results showed that TVC is lower than standard limit (10.81 logcfu/gr) in all treatments up to end of durability. Any coliform count has not been seen. In staphilococcus aureus count, treatment 4 has the least count and the most count to control  is in phase 0 and this proportion has been kept up to end of maintenance time. Coliform count of salmonellas at the beginning and end of maintaining samples under frigidity temperature showed that salmonellas count has not been reported in all treatments. Anaerobic bacteria's count(c.perfringens) at the beginning and end of maintaining samples under frigidity temperature showed that Anaerobic bacteria's count has not been reported in all treatments. The least count of mold is in treatment 4 (combinative burger) and the most count relates to control treatment (100% silver carp meat) while the gained data of all treatments are in lower range of standard limit (6.90 logcfu/gr).According to the results, Kilka-silver carp fish burger can be maintained in fridge for 6 months

Sever mortalities of Silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, with various clinical symptoms including Lethargy, subcutaneous hemorrhages on operculum, fish sides, base of fins, mild exophthalmia and ascites in the abdominal cavity (yellowish, reddish or Clear), extensive or focal hemorrhages on the Viscera and yellow or colorless skin and mortalities in some cases has caused huge economic losses. In some studies, bacterial agents have been reported as causal agents of mortalities but other researchers have identified clinical and necropsy symptoms as suspected to viral diseases. Since the poor conditions can lead to fish mortality following infections, timely detection of infectious agents and the use of preventive and controlling methods for these diseases, along with improved pond management, can prevent the occurrence of diseases and the spread of diseases. Various studies have shown that the most common infectious agents in fish are bacterial agents such as aeromonas, especially aeromonas hydrophila, and two species of P. aeruginosa and P. fluorescens. Other bacterial diseases caused by Proteus rettgeri and Staphylococcus aureus have also been reported as pathogens in this fish species. On the other hand, silver carp is susceptible to viral diseases including spring viremia of carp. With the presence of a weakened immune system due to a poor water and nutrition management, fungal agents can also affect the fish that are not usually the primary cause of mortality. At the same time, prompt diagnosis of pathogens and the implementation of appropriate health management through the use of bio-security methods can prevent further damage

The role of minerals has been investigated in the nutrition, physiology and life span of many animals. However, it is challenged with limited access to data on requirements of fish minerals and their effects on the body's biochemical compositions and functions, enzymatic reactions and non-enzymatic structural units. This is due to the absorption of some minerals by water, food, and therefore the accurate measurement of these elements is not possible. Nowadays, it has been proved the importance of micro and macro elements as essential components of rainbow trout in many studies. Macro elements (P, Ca, Mg, K and Na) are constituent component of biochemical reactions and pathways and the presence of micro elements (Zn, Cu, Fe, Cr, Mn and Se) is considered as important parameters for improving the growth and nutrition of fish. In this regards, interaction between macro and micro elements, water environment, physicochemical condition and fish physiology can impress access to optimal levels and mineral bioavailabality in diet. This review will addressed on different levels of requirements, the role of minerals in dietary and their interaction on growth, nutrition and physiology in rainbow trout as an important farmed species.

In this study, fish patty including the FPC type A of Bream from Aras dam with the percentage of 5, 10 and 20 % was produced in 3 treatments and assessed in nutritional value, chemical and sensory factors and shelf-life at room temperature. Fish patty without FPC was as control. Protein, fat, moisture and ash in the control and text samples had significance differences (P<0.05).  TVB-N, peroxide and pH in the control and text samples  including of 10 and 20 % FPC had significance differences (P<0.05). These factors in the control and text samples had significance differences during storage at ambient temperature (P<0.05). Sensory factors including of color, odor, tissue and taste in the text sample including of 5% FPC was not showed significance differences to control. These factors in the control and text samples had significance differences during storage at ambient temperature (P<0.05). The text sample including of 5% FPC and control samples was not showed significance from the point of view shelf life at ambient temperature (P<0.05). 10 and 20% FPC treatments have good quality at ambient temperature. Regarding the results obtained, the duration of shelf life at ambient temperature and the absence of a significant difference between treatment of 5% FPC compared to control, 5% concentrate treatment can be recommended as a suitable treatment for fish patty.

This study was carried out in 27 study stations in Shijan, Siakishim, Abkenar, Hendekhaleh and Rogaha(River outlets), during conducting research hydrology and hydrobiology and preparing Atlas of plankton in the Anzali wetland during the years 1373(1994) from 1393(2014). Sampling was done by (P.V.C) tube, at each station, 30 liters of water were filtered by a Zooplankton net with 30 microns mesh. The samples were fixed with 4% formalin and then transferred to the laboratory and after quantitative and qualitative studies with inverted microscope were taken picture them by Nikon Labophot microscop. The results of Zooplankton study reveal that there are totally 12 Phylum that include 133 genera and 211 speices in Anzali wetland , of which ,14genera and 25 speices in Order Cladocera was identified , They are belongs to phylum Arthropoda. The body of this group is composed of chondroitin, which is attached to the posterior region and is open on the abdominal side. Qualitative studies of zooplankton in this project and quantitative studies in the hydrologic and hydrobiological project of Anzali wetland indicate that the population of this order has decreased significantly in recent years. The most frequent species of this sequence are Moina rectirostris, Alona rectangula and  Chydrus sphaericus, whose highest population is related to Abkenar and the southern Hendekhaleh regions in spring and summer.

Water pollution is a major global problem which requires continuous assessment and revision in water resources policy at all levels. Karganrood river is one of the most important river in Guilan province and on its way crossing agricultural areas in Talesh country and villages collect the pollutants. One of the main sources of rivers and lakes pollution is intering urban and industrial wastes into rivers that due to the entry of these materials, the structure of the rivers is transformed; because it is disrupting the natural flow of fish migration and so preventing the formation of floods and appropriate conditions for fish spawning. Study of microbial contamination was performed over a one year period and sampling was performed seasonally and once every season. The contamination rate was studied by counting total coliforms (MPN) method. The stations studied were selected from the upstream, middle and estuary regions and sampling was carried out from the surface and sediment of the river. Most of the total and fecal coliform contamination were related to bed and estuary regions which reducing water flow, passing through urban and agricultural centers and entering the centers' wastes into the river and settling in the river bed and estuary have led to increase the amount of contaminations. Totally, the contaminations average (surface and sediment) include: the highest amount of coliform contamination was 44.3 numbers in 100 cubic centimeters and the highest amount of fecal coliform contamination was 26.9 numbers in 100 cubic centimeters in summer season. It should be noted that, all the results of studied physical and chemical factors were in the standard range of discharge to the surface water and the bacterias' growth were increased due to increase of the weather temperature; so, decresing water volume in summer season causes increase of the bacterias percent in water

In this study investigated effect of iron nanoparticles and encapsulated Lactobacillus plantarum KC426951 on growth and survival of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) as separate and combined. After biometry, fish introduced to tanks )30 fish per 500 l tanks) randomly with initial weight of 12.94±0.35 g and fed with different diets for 8 weeks containing 3 dosages of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (30, 60 and 90 mg.kg food-1) and two dosage of encapsulated Lactobacillus plantarum (107 and 108 cfu.g-1) as separate (5 treatments) and combined (6 treatments) and control diet without any supplement. There were 12 treatments and had three replications for each other’s (36 tanks). Results showed that the highest weight gain enhanced in 60 mg/kg iron nanoparticles (T4), 107 cfu/g Lactobacillus plantarum (T1) and their combined (T8) and the lowest in 30 mg/kg iron nanoparticles and their combined with Lactobacillus plantarum (T6 and T7) (p<0.05). The minimum FCR and maximum SGR was observed in T1 (p<0.05). Also survival rate in T6 and T7 were lowest respectively (p<0.05). In totally, it is recommended to use of 60 mg/kg iron nanoparticles and 107 cfu/g encapsulated Lactobacillus plantarum in rainbow trout diet.