نشریه ارمغان دانش
سال بیست و ششم شماره 5 (پیاپی 148، آذر و دی 1400)

Sperm cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen is a widely used method of preserving them for a long time. Many of these sperms are damaged and died or lost their motility after thawing. These cryoinjuries are caused by damage to the sperm membrane and changes in permeability to ions due to changes in osmotic pressure, the formation of ice crystals, and increased production of oxygen free radicals. Calcium ions play an important role in the physiological activities of sperm and this study was performed to investigate the effect of increased intracellular calcium on cryoinjuries and the production of oxygen free radicals in fresh and frozen-thawed sperm.

Thirty-five human sperm were washed and randomly allocated into fresh and frozen-thawed groups. The sperm of the frozen-thawed group were preserved under liquid nitrogen for one month. The effect of 10 µM calcium ionophore A23187 was evaluated on fresh and thawed sperm motility, viability, and acrosome reaction. Oxygen free radicals production and intracellular calcium content were evaluated using luminol and Flou-3/AM staining by chemiluminescence and flowcytometric method, respectively. Data were compared using the Mann–Whitney test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The percentage of live, motile and progressive sperm and the percentage of sperm with intact acrosome decreased significantly after the freezing-thawing process. The addition of A23187 to the medium increased intracellular calcium in live sperm but decreased the percentage of live and motile sperm in both groups. The production of free radicals increased per live cell in both groups, but this increase was significantly higher in the frozen-thawed group than in the fresh group. The results showed a significant positive relationship between intracellular calcium and the production of oxygen free radicals.

Calcium ions are required for normal sperm function, but increased calcium entry by A23187 into fresh or frozen-thawed sperm causes more damage and reduced motility and survival. The amount of oxygen free radicals has a direct and significant relationship with intracellular calcium. Freezing damage is exacerbated by higher levels of intracellular calcium, which may be due to increased production of oxygen free radicals.

Catatonia is one of the major signs of Parkinson’s disease which is due to impaired dopamine in extrapyramidal system. This study was performed to elucidate the role of Gallic acid (GA) on perphenazine (PPZ)-induced catatonia in rat.

In this experimental study, 48 Wistar male rats weighting 180-220 g were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 8) in each group. Animals were pre-treated with a single dose of normal saline (5ml/kg), most effective dose of bromocriptine (30mg/kg) and GA (100, 200,400 and 600 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal (IP) route. PPZ (5 mg/kg, IP) was administered after 30 minutes of first injection to induce catatonia. The scoring method of Morpurgo was used to determine the muscular rigidity of animals.

This study obtained its ethical approval form the Research Ethics Committee. (Code: IR.MAZUMS.RIB.REC.1398.056).

The results showed that the 100mg/kg GA treated group had no significant reduction in catatonic responses after PPZ administration in comparison with negative control group while the groups that received 400 and 600mg/kg of GA showed significant difference (p<0.05) at all the time points.

The results revealed that GA has protective effect on catatonia induced by PPZ in rats. So GA may be probably helpful for reducing catatonia in Parkinsonism.

Cancer is one of the incurable diseases that in addition to drug and medical treatment; Psychological interventions are also effective in reducing its psychological consequences. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral hypnosis therapy and mindfulness therapy on the dimensions of fear of recurrence in women with breast cancer.

The research method was quasi-experimental. The statistical population of the study was women with breast cancer referred to medical centers in Gorgan in the second half of 1398. Sample size according to test power (0.80), effect size (0.50) and confidence level (0.05) according to Cohenchr('39')s table for the sample group (15 people). 45 people were selected according to the entry criteria. After selecting the prototype group; It was randomly divided into three groups of 15 and then by random assignment two of the groups were considered as intervention group and the other group as control group. The research instrument was the Fear of Recurrence Questionnaire. The intervention groups were trained in cognitive-behavioral hypnosis and group mindfulness therapy. At the end, the intervention was performed on the groups. Data analysis by examining statistical assumptions; Analysis of variance was performed in SPSS-24 software.

The results of analysis of variance showed that the interventions had a significant effect on fear of recurrence. The results of the comparison also showed that cognitive-behavioral hypnosis intervention was more effective in improving the fear of recurrence.

According to the results of the study, the fear of relapse in cancer patients under the influence of cognitive-behavioral hypnosis treatment has improved. Therefore, the use of this treatment protocol is recommended for cancer patients.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two methods of teaching choice theory and creativity training on the level of thought excitement, resilience and in health care workers. The statistical population of the present study was all kidneys of health workers in Yasuj in 2017-17. Using purposive sampling method or available among health workers of Yasuj city according to the criteria, 45 of these people were randomly selected and divided into three experimental and control groups (15 people). For each group) then resilience questionnaires, thought excitement were taken from all three groups of subjects, The experimental group received therapeutic creativity training and selection theory training in 8 sessions of 90 minutes for 2 months and the control group did not receive training in this training period. P> 0 There is no significant difference. Therefore, the main hypothesis of the research should be rejected; That is, the effectiveness of the two methods of teaching choice theory and creativity training on the level of thought excitement, resilience and is the same in health care workers. The results of the research have shown that participating in group meetings and increasing group actions and reactions and exchanging information and experiences of each employee in training sessions and familiarity with basic needs as well as familiarizing employees with personality components of creative therapy including (self-confidence, courage and Risk-taking) could lead to increased resilience, dynamism and increased psychological well-being in them.

Treatment of sub trochanteric fractures is very challenging for bone and joint surgeons. The techniques used to treat these fractures are fracture reduction and the use of condylar dynamic screws and hip dynamic screws. The aim of this study was to compare the treatment of sub trochanteric fractures of type A femur with condylar dynamic screw and hip dynamic screw in hospitalized patients in Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Yasuj, Iran, 2007- 2016 and Access is a better treatment that has fewer side effects and better rehabilitation.

This study is a study based on exist data that was performed by reviewing the files of 50 patients with sub trochanteric fracture type A hospitalized in Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Yasuj, Iran, 2007- 2016. These patients were randomly divided into two equal groups of 25 in terms of treatment with condylar dynamic screw (DCS) and hip dynamic screw (DHS). In these two groups, the variables of treatment failure, pain, and range of motion of the hip in three-month and six-month periods were compared. In order to compare the quantitative data between the two groups of failure therapy and the type of treatment intervention, K_S and MANN_WHITNEY U tests were used and qualitative data were compared from Chi-square test.

Of these 50 patients, 11 (22%) failed treatment, of which four (16%) were treated with DHS and seven (28%) with DCS. There was no statistically significant relationship between age (P = 0.1), sex (P = 0.3) and type of intervention (P = 0.9) with treatment failure. Treatment failure (approximately 90%) occurred in the first four months and all within six months.

Both treatments (using DCS and DHS) were optimally effective in the treatment of sub trochanteric fractures of type A and no statistically significant differences were observed between them.

Today spreading of MRSA and VRSA became one of the most important treatment challenges. Antibiotic resistance development and Staphylococci pathogenicity patterns variations are considered as the significant virulence factors. The purpose of this study is to detect the antibiotic resistance patterns of clinical isolates in Tehran’s hospitals.

This study provides 502 clinical isolates from Tehran’s Hospitals. Detecting and confirming Staphylococcus aureus isolates have been done through biochemical identification and 16s rRNA replication via PCR method. All isolates have been studied with disk diffusion method in terms of Methicillin resistance as well as MIC method in terms of Vancomycin resistance. Finally, both groups have been studied with molecular methods.

After studying 502 S. aureus isolates, 168 MRSA, 6 VRSA, and 2 VISA isolates have been detected. Abundance of mecA in MRSA isolates was 99.4%. In VRSA however, the gene abundance was found to be 37.5 % for vanB, 37.5 % for vanC1, and 12.5 % for vanC3. The most resistant MRSA isolates have been sampled from catheters as well as elders. The most resistant VRSA and VISA isolates have also been detected in discharge and the isolates from elders.

VRSA and MRSA are considered as a serious threat for human health. Correct detection of the infection resistance patterns and the use of convenient antibiotic can decrease the speed of this bacteria resistance development.

Children under two years of age are the most sensitive age group of children who are at risk of Failure to Thrive (FTT) due to rapid growth and improper transition from the exclusive breastfeeding to and family food. Therapeutic measures to solve children's nutritional problems, especially in infants, are often without significant evidence and indicates the need for further investigations. In order to provide evidence-based data to provide medical information on management of children with failure to thrive, the supplementary feeding pattern of children aged 6-24 months living in Boyer-Ahmad who were underweight was compared with children without growth retardation.

A total of 61 underweight children that referred to pediatric and nutrition clinics, and also from the list of malnourished children in health centers were selected and compared with the same number of healthy children of the same age and sex. The variables of socioeconomic status, knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers regarding child complementary feeding and their 24-hour food intake were assessed and analyzed using Chi Square test, independent samples t test and U Man-Whitney tests.

There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups of children in terms of energy, protein, fat, iron, zinc and vitamin A intake, but the amount of carbohydrate intake in children with FTT showed a statistically significant difference with healthy control children (p = 0.003 ). The most important factors related to FTT in children were the nutritional knowledge of the mothers (p = .001), mother's education (p = .02), father's education (p = 0.033), frequency of complementary food consumption (p = .017) and time Consumption of snacks(p = .017) by children. The variables of parental employment status, age of starting complementary feeding, type of milk consumed were not statistically different between the children with FTT and controls.

Nutritional information of mothers, frequency of complementary feeding, and food preparation hygiene, time of feeding snacks and education level of parents had the most relationship with growth of children.

The human environment should be tailored to his physical, mental and physical condition so that no stress or harm can be inflicted on him. It also causes musculoskeletal disorders by doing so, by doing the work, sometimes and simply, that the employee has been instructed to do to his body.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ergonomic status of workstations in Gachsaran health center in year 2019.

 This was a qualitative study. The study population consisted of Gachsaran health center staff. Non-randomized purposeful sampling was used to select participants in the study, which continued until data saturation (n = 10). The data collection tool was semi-structured interview. Data were analyzed using latent content analysis method.

The findings led to the extraction of the main themes of ergonomic health center status and 5 main themes; workstations comprising 16 proprietary codes, ergonomic knowledge comprising 7 proprietary codes, musculoskeletal disorders comprising 18 proprietary codes, organizational performance comprising 13 proprietary codes, and realization barriers comprising 8 codes. Became dedicated.

Workstations, ergonomic knowledge, musculoskeletal disorders, organizational performance and barriers to the realization of five themes identified in the study. It is suggested that managers change their attitude toward ergonomics while developing a workstation evaluation program to provide effective interventions to improve workstations. As well as practical training in providing employees with ergonomic principles.

Neonatal jaundice, amongst the most prevalent neonatal ailments with a prevalence of 60%, is defined as elevated serum levels of bilirubin. Phototherapy is the cornerstone for treating neonatal jaundice. The effect of phototherapy on magnesium serum levels is not well studied. Therefore, through this review article, we aim at assessing changes of serum magnesium levels during phototherapy.  

In this systematic review article, domestic databases of University Jihad, Civilica, and university journals in addition to PubMed database are searched without time limit. Studies which assessed the effect of phototherapy on serum magnesium level were reviewed and the results were reported. All articles were separately reviewed by two authors.

Two hundred and twenty-two articles were extracted from the mentioned databases. Applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 14 articles were selected for thorough assessment. As shown in most of these studies, phototherapy had a significant effect on decreasing serum magnesium levels in neonates. Only one study did not show any significant effect. Most studies have not evaluated demographic and clinical variables in decreasing serum magnesium levels.

There is a significant relationship between phototherapy and serum magnesium levels. Considering the role of NMDA receptor and its stimulatory effect in brain damage due to hypoxia and hyperbilirubinemia and the importance of magnesium in its inhibition, the body increases the extracellular magnesium levels during neonatal jaundice to prevent brain damage. It is concluded that after phototherapy, and therefore resolution of hyperbilirubinemia, serum magnesium level is reduced.

Giving importance to research and increasing research activities in each country provides appropriate contexts for the development and progress of that country. This study was conducted to identify components related to the performance of faculty members of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences.

This research is a qualitative study of descriptive-exploratory type. In this study, purposeful sampling was used. Data collection was performed through semi-structured in-depth interviews, face to face and telephone calls. The key participants in the study were faculty members of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, of whom 21 were selected by purposeful sampling and interviewed. Each interview lasted an average of 40 to 60 minutes. Atrid-Sterling method was also used for analysis.

In this study, 21 faculty members of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences participated in the study, which 9 were female and 11 were male. In terms of academic rank, 4 people had full professor, 7 people had associate professor and 10 people had assistant professor. Finally, after analyzing the interview data and first coding, 80 basic themes were obtained, which were then reduced to fourteen organizing themes. Finally, global themes policy, individual and situational were identified as factors related to faculty research performance.

to achieve a comprehensive performance in the field of research depends on proper and correct planning in this area. Situations such as team thinking, knowledge-based, and community-oriented can improve faculty members' research performance.