نشریه پژوهش های جغرافیای اجتماعی
پیاپی 15 (پاییز 1394)

This study investigated the relationship between personality traits, stress-coping styles, and life satisfaction of police women. The study population consisted of 300 police women, of which about 180 people were selected using stratified random sampling. The ANOVA test results revealed that there was no significant difference (variability) in the degree of life satisfaction among police women; however, a significant difference was observed in personality traits of the studied population. Life satisfaction is influenced by the interaction of various factors, including personality traits and styles of coping with stresses. Using appropriate stress-coping style may increase life satisfaction; similarly, the satisfaction of life can have a significant impact on using appropriate style of coping with stresses.

Distressed urban areas are the most important places of crime and criminality in cities. Insecurity in these areas along with the lack of appropriate services in the community lead to a poor environmental quality and the deterioration of the complex issues involved in the neighborhood’s path towards renovation and improvement. This study aimed to investigate the impact of security and reducing crimes in returning the old structures into development processes of urban areas. The Soleymandarab district of Rasht Metropolis is a neighborhood in the old structure of the city that has been one of the most important centers for the settlement of criminal activities, especially drug dealing. In this study, using theoretical fundamentals, crime prevention were investigated through the design of environmental features and factors that influence crimes in the Soleymandarab neighborhood. The results showed that the status quo of the neighborhood in terms of safety is largely associated with environmental and physical conditions. The spaces with no defense, inefficient road network, the lack of spatial movement hierarchy of streets, and the lack of public scrutiny over public spaces have resulted in the current condition of Soleymandarab. According to the results, considering the facilities necessary for the process of modernization of the neighborhood, modification of the road network in order to eliminate defenseless spaces, lighting system restoration during night, better police presence, and instructions for the residents to improve their role in the security are suggested.

Suburban road arteries are the main connections and vital elements of transportation systems in any country and help to improve the economic activities and development. Transportation is one of the key tenets of sustainable development in human communities and it is closely related to critical components such as economy, security, and social justice. The main purpose of this research was to investigate the number of roadway encroachment and car overturning and the affecting factors in Imamzadehashem- Loshan highway, and its relation to the damage and injury-fatal accidents. The data used in this study was obtained from sources of Guilan police headquarters and includes 9 months (3 months of the end of 1393 and the first 6 months of 1394). The collected Information includes roadway encroachment and overturning accidents. The entire study population consisted of 94 accidents that occurred in the studied period. Finally, using SPSS software, the logistic model for roadway encroachment and overturning accidents in this highway was produced. Based on the logistic model, roadway encroachment increased the probability of accidents leading to injury and death, and overturning mainly increased fatal accidents.

Marital infidelity and tendency of opposite sex friendship among married men and women lead to social, psychological and family problems, and may confuse married relationships. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between marital satisfaction and tendency of friendship from the opposite sex among married men and women. This study was a correlational research in the form of a cross - sectional study of 120 married people based on random sampling method. Information was collected using a DOS form of marital satisfaction, and Pearson correlation and regression methods were used in the statistical analysis. The results showed that the level of beta for marital satisfaction was 0.919, thus it could be stated that the studied variables were not able to predict the tendency towards opposite sex friendship. An inverse relationship may exist between the variables although no statistical significance could be interpreted. According to the results, it seems that the tendency of opposite sex friendship among married men and women and marital infidelity could be reduced through improving marital satisfaction.

This research investigated the effects of economic, social, and cultural factors on teenagers and young people (18-29 year-old) tendency towards moral deviations in Rasht city in 1393. The theoretical framework of the research consisted of the Merton innovation, Sutherland’s differential theories, and Hirshi’s social control and theories of mass media. The statistical population of this research included 384 13–29 year-old teenagers and young people of Rasht. The survey was conducted using questionnaire in order to collect the data. The results showed that there was direct relationship between socioeconomic status and both bad veiling and alcoholism. Moreover, the results indicated that there was direct relationship between unfit friendly group and bad veiling, unlawful sexual relationships, and alcoholism. However, according to the results, there was no relationship between the employment status of the young people and bad veiling, unlawful sexual relationships, watching satellite TV programs, and alcoholism. Finally, there was no relationship between using foreign mass media and bad veiling, unlawful sexual relationships, watching satellite TV programs and alcoholism.

Management is the most important factor affecting mental helath and self-efficiency of the staff in any organization. This study aimed to investigate the relationship among management styles (authoritarian, participatory and democratic), mental health and self-efficiency of Rasht police personnel. The current study was a cross correlation descriptive research.The statistical community included all staff of police stations, the police commander, 110 operations forces and the assistance unit of Rasht police station. The sample consisted of 215 staff in two groups, 11 executive members and 204 personnel. The accessible sampling was used and the data collected using the standard leadership questionaire (Moghimi and Ramazan, 1390), Goldberg questionaire (1998) and self-efficiency questionaire (Sheror, 1982). The data was analysed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, Pearson correlation and multivariate regression. All statistical analysis have been conducted using SPSS 18 software. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between the style of management and mental health, but there was a significant negative relationship between self-efficiency and the style of management. The styles of management anticipated as much as 0.8 percent of mentelal health variables and the management styles of authoritarian, participatory and democratic anticipated as much as 13.7 percent of self-efficiency variables. However, the differences were not significant. It is suggested that the managers recognize the concept of mental health and try to improve the mental health of their staff in the work places.