نشریه پژوهش های جرم شناختی پلیس
پیاپی 5 (زمستان 1400)

Crime has cultural, social and economic roots and origins and understanding the causes and contexts of crime is possible by studying the lifestyle. Lifestyle has cultural, social and economic dimensions; Crime prevention is achieved through changes in cultural, social and economic structures and effective intervention in cultural, social and economic variables of lifestyle. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lifestyle on the prevention of robbery in 113 police stations in Tehran.

The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature by quasi-experimental method. Data collection was done in the form of documents and field. In the documentary section, a shooting tool was used and in the field section, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. The statistical population of the study included all thieves arrested in 113 Bazaar police station in a period of 6 months in full as an experimental group and ordinary people with similar sexual and age characteristics as a control group in the 113 Bazaar police station, which was purposefully determined. And the number of each is 30 people.

Data analysis shows that the economic, cultural and social components of lifestyle have the greatest impact on theft prevention, respectively. Also, the economic, cultural and social lifestyle of the accused thieves is significantly different from ordinary people.

Based on the results of the lifestyle research of thieves in the 113 police station of Tehran Bazaar showed that the crime of theft is a function of cultural, social and economic aspects of lifestyle.

The crime of murder is the crime that has the most destructive effect on the physical integrity of the victims. This crime, in itself, creates and strengthens fear, terror and panic among the general public. In the criminological study of premeditated murder, motive plays an important role in its realization. In fact, it can be said that the motive is to move towards committing crimes such as premeditated murder. Hence; Intentional homicide, like other crimes, is motivated by multiple motives.

This study is a quantitative correlation study, which is the unit of analysis of murder cases and secondary data has been used to analyze the relationships between variables. the data in the files were entered into the computer quantitatively and the data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical package. The statistical population in this study is 116 murder cases from 1390 to 1394 in Qom province, which were collected after obtaining permission from relevant authorities and were analyzed in terms of factors and motives, and the motives of all murderers were examined.

Analyzes show that various motives such as mental illness, betrayal and hatred of life, moral and sexual perversions, theft, revenge, etc. play a role in committing premeditated murders, which is the motive for the victims. Men in Qom province are more affected by the motives of quarrels and conflicts (street crimes) and in the case of female victims are more affected by sexual motives, betrayal and moral deviations (apartment crimes). Also, statistical inferences from regression analysis showed that murder motives could explain about 45% of the increase in homicide in society.

The results of motivational research in premeditated murders in Qom province showed that the crime of premeditated murder is true in male victims with high visibility and reporting ability and in female victims the opposite is true and multiple motives such as violence, betrayal, Account disputes, revenge, and so on.

The crime of murder is the crime that has the most destructive effect on the physical integrity of the victims. This crime, in itself, creates and strengthens fear, terror and panic among the general public. In the criminological study of premeditated murder, motive plays an important role in its realization. In fact, it can be said that the motive is to move towards committing crimes such as premeditated murder. Hence; Intentional homicide, like other crimes, is motivated by multiple motives.

This study is a quantitative correlation study, which is the unit of analysis of murder cases and secondary data has been used to analyze the relationships between variables. the data in the files were entered into the computer quantitatively and the data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical package. The statistical population in this study is 116 murder cases from 1390 to 1394 in Qom province, which were collected after obtaining permission from relevant authorities and were analyzed in terms of factors and motives, and the motives of all murderers were examined.

Statistical findings from the hypothesis test showed that there was a significant correlation between supportive factors (family, school and early intervention) and risk factors (drug abuse disorder and reversal judges, age of use and the effect of advertising) with the tendency of children and adolescents to use drugs. And there are psychedelics and the variable of supportive factors 38% and the variable of risk factors 22% of the variance of the dependent variable have explained the tendency of children to use drugs and psychedelics and the coefficients have a significant effect in the form of structural equation modeling. Negative support factors (-0.42) prevent the realization of the tendency of children and adolescents to use drugs and psychotropic drugs. Conversely, the variable of risk factors with a positive coefficient (0.66) could play a positive role in the tendency of children and adolescents to use drugs. Have narcotics and psychotropic drugs.

The use of supportive mechanisms modulates the risk factors for the tendency of children and adolescents to use drugs and psychotropic drugs. For this purpose, along with education-oriented and family-oriented measures, interventions to prevent, reduce and control consumption are among the factors that create this balance.

Field and Aims

Car theft is one of the most important crimes against property and ownership of individuals, which in most cases, in addition to creating many financial and livelihood problems for the victims can be used as a tool to commit other crimes such as armed robbery, kidnapping, transportation and Drug trafficking, smuggling of goods, etc. should be used by criminals. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to prioritize the dimensions and components of car theft criminalization.

This research is quantitative in terms of descriptive-survey type and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population according to Cochran's formula consists of 152 detectives, experts and research officers of the Anti-Theft Office of the National Intelligence Police, which was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and the above questionnaire was valid and reliable. In order to analyze the statistical data of the research, software (SPSS) and non-parametric Friedman statistics were used to test the hypotheses.

The findings of the ranking showed that the components of the information dimension of car theft criminalization obtained from the non-parametric Friedman test were technical and telecommunication measures with average (3.94), modern technological tools with average (3.68), interview and interrogation, respectively. With an average (3.65), databases with an average (3.62), criminal control with an average (3.57) and pursuit and surveillance with an average (3.55).

The results of the research also show; Information, operational, scientific and technical dimensions and components have had a significant impact on the criminalization of car theft; Therefore, in order to improve (quantitatively and qualitatively) the rate of criminalization of police car theft in a comprehensive and intelligent approach of all dimensions and components of information, scientific and technical (laboratory) operations, criminalization of car theft should benefit the most.

Stealing from others or taking their property without their knowledge and consent is one of the ancient crimes that has existed in various forms with the formation of the concept of property in ancient times. Hence, the concept of theft is the subject of analysis and review of many legal and social researches, and no doubt, extensive researches will be conducted on it in the future. Accordingly, this study was conducted to investigate the role of interactive measures between the people and the police in preventing burglary in Tehran in 1400.

This research is a quantitative research based on the type of data collected and analyzed and the survey technique has been used to analyze the data and present the results. Data collection in this study was done by the researcher directly referring to the respondents of the intelligence police and citizens of Tehran and presenting a questionnaire to them. It is estimated.

Findings from the hypothesis test showed that according to the negative Pearson correlation coefficient (r = -0.381 **), it can be concluded that there is an inverse relationship between theft and public preventive measures, as well as the relationship between police preventive measures and the amount Theft is inverse and significant with respect to negative Pearson coefficients (r = -0.4299 **).

Finally, according to the obtained coefficients; That is, a significance level of less than 5% (sig = 0.000) and a negative Pearson correlation coefficient (r = 0.667 **), it can be concluded that there is a direct and significant relationship between theft prevention and interaction between people and police. As a result, the greater the interaction between the public and the police, the greater the intensity of theft prevention.

Sutherland, by designing and highlighting white-collar crimes, questions and raises common criminological theories at a time when factors such as poverty, family breakdown, and poor intelligence were implicated in crime formation. Why do white-collar criminals who have not been exposed to such factors turn to crime? The preventive criminal policy approach has become necessary to deal with white-collar crimes because they are criminally extremely dangerous.

The present article has been done by descriptive and analytical methods.

 In the field of criminal prevention, despite the development of a wide range of responses and diversification to them, as well as alternative mechanisms used in the face of white-collar crimes, these new approaches have not been considered by Iran's legislative criminal policy. White and the ineffectiveness of guaranteeing classical performances in dealing with them, we need differential legislative measures in this regard.

The most important non-criminal prevention strategies in order to prevent the situation in the form of transparency in the form of reporting and declaration of assets, and social prevention can also increase public awareness in preventing the abuse of white-collar criminals and promote civil society participation, reduce white-collar delinquency.