فصلنامه جامعه، فرهنگ، رسانه
پیاپی 42 (بهار 1401)

How social groups are represented affects the perception and experience of social group members of themselves and their place in society and how others view them. This article reviews the literature on representation and the construction of media discourse, and studies how the image of the clergy as a social group is constructed in Iranian cinema films. In this article, using critical semiotics, the evolution of the position of clerics in society, and the relationship of clerics with other sections of society in Iranian cinema films in the last two decades has been analyzed. Using purposive sampling method, four films "Under the Moonlight", "Gold and Copper", "Scandal" and "Paradise" were selected and each film was analyzed in three stages: technical codes, social codes and ideological codes.According to the analysis of the findings, the ideal character of the clergyman portrayed in these four films is a "social clergyman" who influences and is influenced by his presence among the people; However, this image has evolved in different periods, in accordance with the dominant discourse. In general, the social construction of the image of the clergy in Iranian cinema films indicates the transformation of the image of the traditional clergy to the social clergy, and finally, the transformation of the image of the clergy.

In this study, the aim was to investigate the relationship between cyberspace components in promoting Iranian environmental culture. The present study is a combined method of mixed exploratory research projects that was conducted in two consecutive qualitative-quantitative stages. In the first phase (qualitative phase), the present study is a qualitative study and in this phase, by reviewing and evaluating the studies conducted on the subject of the present study and also in-depth interviews with experts in the field of cyberspace and environmental culture, collected the necessary information and Using the method of qualitative content analysis, it has coded and categorized and presented a conceptual model. The second stage (quantitative phase) of the study was quantitative and structural equation modeling method. For this purpose, the data collected from the researcher-made questionnaire based on the proposed model (derived from the qualitative phase of the study) were evaluated using Smart PLS software. The results of qualitative content analysis showed that the model of examining the relationship between cyberspace components in promoting Iranian environmental culture includes 38 open codes, 6 central codes and 1 selected code. In the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 42 items was provided to 212 environmental activists in the form of NGOs and cyberspace activists in Iran. The results of structural equation modeling showed that there is a significant relationship between the main variables of information function, educational and cultural function, correlation function, propaganda function, persuasive function, and regulatory function with the promotion of Iranian environmental culture

This study aims to identify the level of "trust", “impartiality” and “accuracy of news coverage” of the BBC in England‘s people opinion and among other valid media in this country. It should be noted that this comparison is not restricted to a particular media such as television, radio or newspapers. this study, in addition to comparing an indicator such as »trust«among different types of a particular medium (such as various television channels), also examines the same indicator among different types of media (such as comparing an indicator such as audience trust among television networks, newspapers and social networks). To achieve the research goal, the researcher used the documentary research method. Survey results show that 57% of UK people believe that the BBC offers the most trusted news. In addition, in 2015 and 2017, 53% and 50% of UK people believe that BBC news coverage is impartial. Finally, surveys show that in 2015 and 2017, 59% and 57% of the UK people think that BBC coverage is accurate.

The current study used a qualitative method to understand the issue of the desired media norm of the international news agency inside the country.A semi-structured in-depth interview method was used to collect information and raw data.The statistical population of this research included all specialists and experts in the field of media and news agencies with management experience in the field of news and news media.The procedure for analyzing the collected data is thematic or thematic analysis, which is one of the most common methods of analyzing textual and interview data.The findings of the thematic analysis included three main themes: "norms of professional authority, practical norms (politics) and value norms". The findings related to the "norms of professional authority" showed that since the news coverage of news agencies is currently influenced by micro and macro tastes and currents, mainly political and general policies as well. Determined by the mentioned factors, planning to achieve professional authority under a media norm is able to significantly improve the position and base of a news agency. The findings of this research in relation to "practical (political) norms" indicated that news agencies are forced to comply with certain social norms in order to gain credibility and authority according to the context of each society.Also, the findings related to "value norms" indicated that news agencies follow different value principles and norms based on their influence from different cultural, political, social and economic contexts.

The aim of the present study was a sociological study of how false business employees in Tehran adhere to social health protocols during the era of COVID-19. To investigate this issue, thematic analysis method was used. In this study, semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to collect data. The statistical population of the study included all fake business employees in Tehran, which included peddlers and seasonal workers. Overall, the researcher achieved theoretical saturation after 31 interviews and found that the new interview would not contain any up-to-date information. Findings showed that the adherence of false employment employees in the metropolis of Tehran to health guidelines in the period of coronavirus has taken several forms due to the impact of economic variables. According to the findings, the interviewees encountered coronavirus in the form of different behavioral patterns such as "complete violation of adherence, conditional adherence and demonstrative adherence". In addition, the research findings showed that coronavirus disease has created a kind of pervasive and dual crisis for some of the interviewees; in this way, these people have had to deal with coronavirus and provide for themselves and their families. The research findings also showed that most of the false business employees had a close attitude, perception and views in the face of coronavirus due to belonging to an economic class.

Iranian and Turkish Intellectuals and Rulers have Representated Nationalism as the most important element of identity in modern world, in different ways. This article intends to use the historical-comparative method to understand how Nationalism was formulated in these two countries. Thus, the analysis of the performance of intellectuals has considered by using concepts and diagnostic, prognostic and motivational frameworks, provided by Nozick, Anderson, Snow and Benford. These Intellectuals sought to portray an Imagined Community called Nationalism for the people and a legitimacy for the authoritarian state in order to preserve its territorial integrity. But each, while having similarities such as idealism, anti-Arabism, Westernism and pluralism, found its own aspects. The most obvious point is that though, in Turkey, the anti-Islamic and racial superiority prevailed, in Iran, archaism became important.. Also, religious discourse and its elites were not able to face the new world and formulate the appropriate frameworks. Institutionalization was stronger in Turkey, In Iran, it was mostly promoted through propaganda.

Jokes represent the social status of society and have positive and negative functions in various fields. Therefore, it is necessary to study their nature and content. The present study analyzed the content of coronary jokes on Whats App and Telegram social networks using a sociological approach. The research data includes 150 jokes that were collected from Whats App and Telegram social networks and were coded and then categorized by qualitative content analysis. The results showed that the jokes had political/economic, family, infatuation, personal feelings, Entertainment, health/treatment, gender and religion/belief. The largest category had political/economic concepts and the smallest category had religious concepts. Also, according to the themes of the jokes, it was found that the function and negative reflection of the jokes of Corona disease are more than their positive side, and their reproduction may cause psychological damage to the people who have been affected by this disease. Jokes by making the disease seem insignificant; They reduce people's susceptibility to disease. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the reproduction and publication of this type of joke.

From the perspective of Fairclough critical discourse analysis, discourse analysis should focus on the following: 1) features of text language (text); 2) processes related to text production and consumption (discourse practice); 3) and the broader social practice to which that communication event belongs (social practice). With such a view, hip hop music is studied and the discourse of protest is analyzed. A brief reference is made to the history of the origin and mission of hip hop and that hip hop is an artistic answer to social problems, and then Fairclough's approach is used here in three levels of description, interpretation and explanation at the level of describing the meaning of hip hop and music theory. It has been identified and at the level of interpretation of the three intertextual components of hip hop music, namely postmodern sonnet, jazz and critical music and critical realism, and at the level of explanation, the relationship between hip hop music with society and power has been identified and tried during analysis. Critical discourse in hip hop music, the framework of Fairclough analysis, should be worked on properly, and in the end, hip hop music in Iran is discussed and its relationship with power is determined.

AbstractThe purpose of the present study; The study of the role of new technologies on audience-centric development in the Social Security Organization in 1399. The statistical population of this study was all those who referred to (30 branches) offices of Tehran Social Security Organization, from which 382 people were selected as a research sample using multi-stage cluster sampling method. The present study is a descriptive-correlational study in which information was collected through a library-documentary study and a researcher-made questionnaire. Findings obtained from the present study showed that among the research variables, the information quality variable was 2.28 beta; Electronic satisfaction variable of 0.224 beta; Electronic trust variable of 0.209 beta; System quality variable at -0.976 beta; The quality of services variable of 1.463 beta predicts the development of the central audience of the Social Security Organization. Findings also showed that 51% of attitudes toward audience-centered development were predicted by the five variables studied. The results of the research indicate that the organization should pay attention to the desired quality of information, communication and system in providing its services.

The history of discourse analysis is beset by a vagueness around the homonym ‘discourse’. The term names a large territory, located somewhere between two ‘markers’, which might, generally speaking, be something like ‘providing accounts of connected stretches of language in use’ and ‘uncovering salient social, political, psychological features in text-like entities’. In sociolinguistics, by and large, the major emphasis has been on understanding the link between (environments of) language use and (features of) the language used . In such work, ‘the social’ and its meanings and effects are foregrounded: who speaks, to whom, when, with what purposes, in what ways. These factors and the purposes leave traces – whether the details of pronunciation in Labov’s early work or the regularity of use of a certain range of linguistic resources, leading to the development of the notion of ‘codes’ in Bernstein’s theory.In more linguistically rather than sociolinguistically or sociologically oriented approaches, the emphasis has been on seeing whether regularities of a ‘formal’ kind could be discerned in ‘stretches’ of speech and writing ‘above’ the sentence, somewhat akin to those that linguistics had been able to establish in relation to the sentence in the 1970s – whether in mid-century American structuralism or in Chomskyan conceptions of the organization of language at or below the level of the sentence.