نشریه طلوع بهداشت
سال بیست و یکم شماره 5 (پیاپی 95، آذر و دی 1401)

Today, one of the most common health problems in the world is iron deficiency anemia. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of the family-centered care program on fatigue and depression of teenage girls suffering from iron deficiency anemia. Family-centered care is a method which is controlled through mutually beneficial partnerships between caregivers, patients, and families. Family-centered care is systematically organized in such a way that the dynamics and complexities of different aspects of individuals and families are taken into consideration.

This was a quasi-experimental and practical study conducted in 2020 in which 70 adolescent girls with iron deficiency anemia studying in high school in Mahmudabad were selected through purposive and convenience sampling. The research tools were the stem fatigue and Beck depression questionnaire. After collecting the information obtained from the pre-intervention stage, the family care program for adolescent girls was conducted in the test group, and the secondary test was performed 3 months after the intervention. In the control group, the questionnaires were evaluated at the beginning, and then 3 months after the training- held in 6 sessions- and the data of the two groups were analyzed using paired t-test and dependent t-test.

The comparison of the total score of fatigue and depression for adolescent girls with iron deficiency anemia before and after the intervention in the test group showed a significant difference regarding decreasing scores (P<0.001); however, there was no significant difference in the control group (P> 0.05). Furthermore, the comparison of the total fatigue scores of adolescent girls with iron deficiency anemia before and after the intervention in the experimental group showed a significant difference in reducing scores (P < 0.001), but in the control group, there was no significant difference (P = 0.182).The comparison of total depression scores of adolescent girls with iron deficiency anemia before and after the intervention in the test group showed a significant difference in reducing scores (P < 0.001), but in the control group, no significant difference was observed (P=0.667).

The results showed that the rate of fatigue and depression in adolescent girls with iron deficiency anemia who receive the family-centered care program has decreased compared to the control group.

Health literacy is among the most critical factors affecting breast cancer progression in patients. This study was designed and implemented with the aim of determining the level of health literacy and its predictors in women with breast cancer referring to Javad Al-Aemeh teaching hospitals and clinic in Kerman in 2021.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on women with breast cancer referred to Javad Al-Aemeh teaching hospitals and clinic in Kerman city in 2021. To collect data, a self-administered questionnaire including demographic characteristics of patients, and the valid and reliable Persian version of the health literacy of Iranian women with breast cancer (Health Literacy of Breast Cancer for Adults (HELBA)) was used. Data were analyzed through SPSS version 20.

In this study, nearly 15.3% of participants had low health literacy. According to the univariate logistic regression model, the health literacy level of the study participants had a significant relationship with all the demographic variables in the study except the age of the spouse (P<0.05). In the multivariate logistic regression model, only the spouse's education level had a significant relationship with the health literacy of the participants in the study.
The odds of a sufficient health literacy in people with a spouse having a high school diploma was 4.33 times, and in people with a spouse having a university degree was 5.87 times more than the participants with a spouse having an education below high school diploma.

The results of this study indicated that the level of health literacy in many women with breast cancer is sufficient. However, educational planning is needed to improve the level of literacy in this group, with especial emphasis on the health literacy of the spouses.

Schools are safe places in training people, and they play a very important role in providing a healthy and happy life for students. Therefore, these places should be ideal regarding health and safety. The aim of this study is to investigate the environmental health status of schools in Jiroft city in accordance with the national unifying plan in 2019.

This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on 99 schools in Jiroft through census in 2019. To collect data, the standard school inspection checklist of the Ministry of Health was used. Data were collected by referring to schools and observing and interviewing the officials. Then, coded information were analyzed by SPSS 22 software.

The results for both urban and rural schools revealed that the highest health score belonged to food hygiene (100%) and the lowest was related to safety status for rural schools (50%). The rate of health status of tools and equipment was 84.61% for both urban and rural schools. In addition, the indices of building health in urban and rural schools were 87.5% and 71.87% respectively.

According to the results, the environmental health and safety status of the schools in Jiroft city was considered desirable. The indicators of food, personal, tools and equipment hygiene in urban and rural schools, as well as the safety index in urban schools, were highly desirable. In general, 85.8% of schools were considered satisfactory in terms of environmental health and safety indicators, whose improvement requires cooperation of related organizations in health and education.

Musculoskeletal discomforts are one of the most common occupational diseases of nurses. In this regard, the present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on anxiety sensitivity and alexithymia in nurses with chronic low back pain.

This was a semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and a control group. The statistical population included nurses suffering from chronic low back pain in Tehran in 2019. The sample included 30 nurses with low back pain selected using available sampling method. They were randomly assigned into case and control groups. Data collection tools included anxiety sensitivity and alexithymia questionnaires. Accordingly, the experimental group received eight 90-minute sessions of therapy based on acceptance and commitment, but the control group did not receive any intervention.

The results of the present study indicated that treatment based on acceptance and commitment in nurses with chronic low back pain significantly reduced anxiety sensitivity (physical, cognitive and social) and alexithymia (difficulty in identifying emotions, describing emotions, and external thinking) (P< 0.01).

Findings reveal that treatment based on acceptance and commitment has been able to reduce the psychological problems of nurses with chronic low back pain. For this purpose, it is suggested that psychologists and pain specialists hold workshops and make plans for nurses with chronic low back pain.

Many physiological problems and issues may threaten the general health of the elderly. On the other hand, the rate of mental disorders and depression are increases in the elderly. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between general health and depression in the elderly.

This was a descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional study conducted on 420 elderly people living in urban and rural areas of Zanjan city in 2019. The statistical sample was selected by random-cluster sampling method. The research tools were demographic information, Goldberg and Hiller general health and depression questionnaires regarding the elderly. Spssv25 software was used to analyze the results at a significance level of 0.05.

The results showed a direct and significant relationship between marital status and depression in the elderly (P=0.017); impairment in social functioning had a negative and significant relationship, and components of general health (physical symptoms, symptoms of anxiety, insomnia, depression and suicidal tendencies) showed a positive and statistically significant relationship with depression in the elderly. (P ≥ 0.001)

Improving the social relations of the elderly and creating job opportunities suitable for their age, such as teamwork and group work, are effective in preventing frustration and depression as well as maintaining their independence.
Conflict of interest: The authors declared no conflict of interest.

Considering the role of green schools in protecting the environment, optimizing energy consumption, increasing the quality of indoor spaces, reducing pollution, and promoting learning in students, and the fact that another aspect of the quality of life related to the health of adolescents is the school environment, this study investigated the level of compliance of girls in the first level of high schools in Yazd city with the indicators of green schools and its relationship with the life quality of students.

This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study carried out in 2020. Sampling was done in a two-stage cluster by randomly selecting 11 schools in the first district of education and 13 schools in the second district of education. Then, 11 students from each school were selected (264 students). Anderson and Brook (2000) quality of life questionnaire was distributed electronically among students. Accordingly, the questionnaire of green schools, some of which were evaluated by observation and by the researcher, and in some other schools by officials and teachers were answered based on the information about their school. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 23, and the significance level was considered less than 0.05.

The independent t-test revealed that the overall score of quality of life showed no statistically significant difference regarding the grade of the green school (P-value=0.722). In general, the average score of negative emotions from the dimensions of the quality of life showed a statistically significant difference regarding the grade of the green school (P-value = 0.033). Moreover, the average score of the emotions regarding quality of life was higher in grade 2 green schools compared to grade 3 green schools. Considering this point, it is necessary to pay special attention to grade 3 green schools.

According to the results, the green rating of schools helps to improve the dimension of negative emotions regarding the quality of life. Therefore, it is suggested that by taking advantage of private sector investment, government policies and support, authorities improve green rating of schools and students’ quality of life .

Patients who receive liver transplant will face various limitations and challenges during their lives, of which they often do not have enough information,  affecting their life quality. The use of health applications is increasing. The aim of this study is to identify the educational needs for designing an application program for liver transplant patients.

This was an applied and descriptive study. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, whose validity and reliability were checked and confirmed. The research community was gastroenterology and liver specialists, and 18 people were purposefully selected from among the specialists working in the liver clinic of Motahari and Abu Ali Sina Organ Transplant Hospital in Shiraz. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics with SPSS version 23.

Educational items were determined in the form of 10 main axes. The results showed that among the main concepts of the disease, most of the necessary cases were recognized. However, items including liquids, types of exercise, skin cancer, cytomegalovirus symptoms, swallowing stimulants and spicy substances, and correct brushing were not deemed necessary.

Educational needs in the form of transplant drugs, nutrition, exercise, cancer, cytomegalovirus, gastrointestinal complications after liver transplantation, diabetes, oral and dental care, motherhood, and sexual needs were determined. Considering the emphasis on the patients participation in their health and the use of a practical program, determining the educational needs of transplant patients increases awareness and better management of the disease.

Research on the quality of teaching in schools is one of the most important issues. On the one hand, it is a suitable feedback for the analysis of educational issues, basic decisions and strategic planning at the disposal of officials and those involved in education, and on the other hand, by knowing the quality of their performance during teaching, teachers will be able to improve their teaching methods. As a result, the quality of their teaching will increase. This study aims at developing a model for improving the quality of education in Ahvaz High schools based on the grounded theory.

This was an applied and qualitative research using the grounded approach. The statistical population was a group of experts including teachers and principals of high schools and from the field of education selected by purposive sampling and theoretical saturation. Through a semi-structured interview and studying the review of literature, data were collected. In the current research, the reliability was evaluated through "checking by participants or interviewees". In addition, in order to confirm and validate the findings of the optimal situation, an interview was conducted with seven educational experts, and the information obtained from the interview process and the quality and depth of the data were confirmed by the group of relevant experts. In this research, the analysis of the grounded theory was used for the categorization of the interviews.

185 concepts were obtained by classifying these concepts into 23 sub-categories, and in the central coding stage, 10 main categories were classified. They included teachers, management and schools, school organization, school environment, school facilities, curriculum content, credits, satisfaction level, academic progress and academic motivation. Finally, in the advanced coding stage, the categories revealed in the form of 6 dimensions of the paradigm model with their relationships, were included in the pattern.

The obtained strategic conditions indicated the existence of two important strategies including school budget and satisfaction level of teachers and two important results of progress and academic motivation to improve the quality of education.